Week 10

Question 1

Alan Baddeley’s model of working memory posited a different way of characterising short term memory. Describe this

Answer 1

Working memory has central executive function where information processing takes place. He added the episodic buffer

Question 2

Describe how configurations of items to be memorised provides evidence of working memory.

Answer 2

Triangle, circle square (words), in linear or triangle, linear formation quicker. Same experiment with symbols, triangular formation was quicker because is was the same as the presented symbols, linear was quicker because it was words. This provides evidence of 2 different subsytems in the working memory (visuospatial sketchpad, and phonological loop.

Question 3

Baddeley’s (1974) experiment on rehearsal showed that memory is modulated by the speed at which we rehearse information, displaying that ____ words are easier to memorise.

Answer 3

shorter

Question 4

Using the phonological loop you are maintaing ____ in working memory, using the ____ part of the brain

Answer 4

language, Brodmanns areas 44, 40

Question 5

Using the visuospatial sketchpad, you are maintaining _____ in working memory, using the _____ part of the brain

Answer 5

occipital/parietal, visual information

Question 6

Patients with damage to the Broca’s area exhibit….

Answer 6

cannot speak fluently

Question 7

Damage to Weirnikes area

Answer 7

speak fluently, but grammar messed up, or grammar ok, but processing of meaning is messed up. E.g. speaking in fluent manner, but speech didn’t make sense.

Question 8

Explain the monkey experiment of working memory, and it’s significant

Answer 8

2 right and wrong options presented, delay, lesions with frontal cortex couldn’t perform the task, ‘couldn’t remember’, only segments of the frontal cortex is activated during delay, indicating that this area is important for working memory.

Question 9

Name the 2 types of long term memory

Answer 9

declarative (explicit) and non-declarative (implicit)

Question 10

______ memory does not require active and continuos rehearsal

Answer 10

long term

Question 11

Name a big distinction between declarative and non-declarative memory

Answer 11

Declarative you are actively retrieving information (e.g. dates, times) whereas implicit memory is skills and habits and procedures, you can’t actively ‘remember’.

Question 12

Describe episodic memory

Answer 12

type of declarative, in which you remember past episodes, 3 components, what , where, who

Question 13

Describe the paradigm of elaborative processing

Answer 13

experiments comparing subjects generating synonyms and rhymes remembered better than when they were simply given to the subjects. Improvements in recognition and performance better, and also synonym was better than rhyme. Same with participants required to

Question 14

Intention to learn has more of an impact on learning than depth of processing, T/F

Answer 14

False

Question 15

Memory traces are associated with each other via _____ and _____ information

Answer 15

episodic and semantic