week 1 vocab chapter 1,2,3

Question 1

governmental rule prescribing conduct and carrying a penalty for violation

Answer 1

law

Question 2

(not a definition)

laws written by a legislative body (4)

Answer 2

1. statues
2. criminal law
3. crime
4. ordinance

Question 3

laws which are enacted by legislative bodies (federal and state laws)

Answer 3

statues

Question 4

laws dealing with crimes and the punishment of wrongdoers

Answer 4

criminal law

Question 5

an offense which is injurious to society as a whole

Answer 5

crime

Question 6

law enacted by a local unit of government (county, city, etc)

Answer 6

ordinance

Question 7

(not a definition) laws made by courts/judges (2)

Answer 7

1. common law

2. stare decisis

Question 8

the body of law deriving from judicial decisions, rather than from statutes or construction

Answer 8

common law

Question 9

the principle that the decision of a higher court should serve as a guide or precedent and control the decision of a similar case in the future

Answer 9

stare decisis

Question 10

(not a definition) criminal law vs. civil law (4)

Answer 10

1. criminal law
2. crime
3. felony
4. misdemeanor

Question 11

serious criminal offense by imprisonment for more than one year or death

Answer 11

felony

Question 12

a less serious crime punishable by fine and/or imprisonment of less than one year

Answer 12

misdemeanor

Question 13

the body of law concerned with private or purely personal rights

Answer 13

civil law

Question 14

a private or civil wrong against a person or his/her property, other than by breach of contract for which there may be an action of damages

Answer 14

tort

Question 15

failure to exercise reasonable care

Answer 15

negligence

Question 16

failure to perform a professional service with the ability and care generally exercised by others in the profession

Answer 16

malpractice

Question 17

rules of conduct for the performance of business transactions

Answer 17

business law

Question 18

(not a definition)

non-monetary civil remedies (3)

Answer 18

1. injunction
2. recession
3. specific performance

Question 19

a judicial order or decree forbidding certain conduct

Answer 19

injunction

Question 20

to set aside or cancel a contract

Answer 20

recission

Question 21

a remedy by which the court requires the breaching party to perform the contract

Answer 21

specific performance

Question 22

(not a definition)

parties to civil actions (3)

Answer 22

1. trial court
2. plaintiff
3. defendant

Question 23

court which conducts the original trial of a case

Answer 23

trial court

Question 24

the party who initiates a civil action

Answer 24

plaintiff

Question 25

the party against whom legal action is brought

Answer 25

defendant

Question 26

(not a definition) 
civil procedure (5)

Answer 26

1. complaint (petition)
2. summons
3. discovery
4. judgement
5. execution

Question 27

the document which initiates a civil action

Answer 27

complaint (petition)

Question 28

a notice given to a defendant, attaching the complaint and stating a time frame in which to respond

Answer 28

summons

Question 29

the formal and informal exchange of information between sides in a lawsuit

Answer 29

discovery

Question 30

a decision of the court at the end of the trial

Answer 30

judgement

Question 31

the carrying out or competition of some task

Answer 31

execution