Week 1 - Toxicology Flashcards
s/s:
CNS - agitation
autonomic instability - VS unstable (high HR, BP)
NMJ effects - tremor, hyperreflexia, clonus
What drug class is this toxin?
Meds that increase serotonin in synapse –> serotonin syndrome
Causes: SSRIs, SNRIs, MDMA, amphetamine, cocaine, lithium, MAOIs, linezolid
Tx for benzodiazepine overdose?
Flumazenil
Tx for opioid overdose?
Naloxone
Tx for ibuprofen overdose?
Activated charcoal, supportive care
Tx for acetaminophen overdose?
Activated charcoal, N-acetylcysteine (NAC)
Tx for diphenhydramine overdose?
Activated charcoal, physostigmine
S/s: diarrhea/diaphoresis, urination, miosis, bradycardia/bronchorrhea, bronchospasm, emesis, lacrimation, salivation
What drug class is this toxin?
Cholinergic
Causes: pesticides, nerve agents, pilocarbine, muscarine (mushrooms)
S/s: hyperthermia, tachycardia, HTN, warm/moist, agitated delirium (altered mental status), mydriasis (but reactive pupils)
What drug class is this toxin?
Sympathomimetic
Causes: cocaine, amphetamine/meth, PCP, withdrawal (from alcohol, benzo, GHB, barbiturate)
S/s: hypothermia, tachycardia/HTN, red/hot/dry skin, mydriasis, absent bowel sounds, urinary retention, confusion/hallucinations
What drug class is this toxin?
Anticholinergic
Causes: antihistamine (benadryl), atropine/scopolamine, tricyclic antidepressants, skeletal muscle relaxants
S/s: sleepiness, euphoria, irritability, other behavioral changes; sympathomimetic effects; n/v, conjunctival injection, nystagmus, slurred speech
What is this toxin?
Marijuana
Tx: supportive care
S/s: miosis, CNS depression, respiratory depression
What drug class is this toxin?
Opioid
Ex:
opiates - morphine, codeine
opioids - hydromorphone, morphine, meperidine, oxycodone, hydrocodone, fentanyl
Treatment for iron overdose?
Supportive care, deferoxamine chelation
