Week 1 (Thru Nervous System) Flashcards
-itis
Inflammation
-osis
Abnormal Condition
-ectomy
To cut out or remove
-otomy
To cut into
-ostomy
To make a “mouth”
a/an
Without, none
micro
Small
macro
Large
Mega/megaly
Enlarged
-scopy/scopic
To look or observe
-graphy/-graph
Recording an image
-gram
The image (X-ray)
-ologist/-ology
Specialist in, study of
Stomato
Mouth
Dento
Teeth
Glosso/linguo
Tongue
Gingivo
Gums
Encephalo
Brain, inside the head
Gastro
Stomach
Entero
Intestine
Colo
Large intestine
Procto
Anus/rectum
Hepato
Liver
Nephro/rene
Kidney
Orchido
Testis
Oophoro
Ovary
Hystero/metro
Uterus
Salpingo
Uterine Tubes
Dermo
Skin
Masto/mammo
Breast
Osteo
Bones
Cardio
Heart
Cysto
Bladder
Rhino
Nose
Phlebo/veno
Veins
Pneumo/pulmo
Lungs
Hemo/emia
Blood
Leuk/o
White
Melan/o
Black
Cyan/o
Blue
Xanth/o
Yellow
-oma
A swelling
Aden/o
Gland
Lip/o
Fat
My/o
Muscle
Lymph/o
Lymph tissue
Carcin/o
Malignant
Osteo/o
Bone
Endo
within, inside of
Peri
Around
Circum
Around
Retro
Behind
Epi
Upon, on top
Trans
Through
Intra
Within
Sub
Below
Brady/trachy
Slow/fast
Angi/o
Vessel
-stasis
To stop
-cyte
Cell
Atheroschlerosis
Literally “hardening of the fatty stuff,” build up of fartty plaques in blood vessels that calcify and harden. Limiting their expandability and causing heart, kidney, and brain damage over time
Myocardial Infarction
Blockage of a coronary artery to the heart, aka “heart attack”
Mitral prolapse, stenosis, regurgitation
Tearing, hardening, or break down of the valves in heart that allows blood to then backwash into the arteries
Angina pectoris
Literally “pain in the chest,” “vice-like” pain in the chest that’s a common symptom experiences with MI
Arrhythmia/dysrhythmia
Abnormal or no rhythm, aka abnormal heart rates or rhythms
Ischemia
Literally “not quite enough blood,” lack of blood reaching the heart that could possibly lead to Angina pectoris or MI
Cardiologist
Physician that specializes in diseases of the circulatory system, especially the heart
Hematologist
Physician that specializes in diseases of the blood
Electrocardiogram (ECG/EKG)
Printout recording of the electrical activity of the heart
Echocardiography
Use of high frequency sound waves (similar to sonar) to form an image of the inside of the heart
Cardiac catheterization
Long hollow tube (catheter) used to identify blockages in coronary circulation
Phlebotomist/Venipuncturist
Trained nurse or technician that draws blood for tab test and may start IV’s
Cephal/o
Head
Mening/o
Membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord
Myel/o
Spinal cord
Neur/o
Nerve
Dys
Difficult, painful, abnormal
-cele
Hernia, abnormal protrusion of structure from normal position
-pathy
Disease, abnormality
-plasia
Development, formation, growth
-plegia
Paralysis
Multiple Sclerosis
Literally “multiple hardening,” degeneration of the insulating layer of nerves in central nervous system from hard plaques that causes “short circuiting” causing dysfunction of body based on where degeneration occurs
Cerebrovascular accident (CVA)
AKA Stroke, brain not receiving enough oxygen due to vessel bursting or clotting
Transient Ischemic Attack
Temporary lack of blood to the brain which can cause similar symptoms and signs as stroke but only lasts less than 24 hours
Epilepsy
Greek word for “seizures,” also referred to as convulsions. Many causes leaked to epilepsy
Aphasia
Loss of speech usually caused by stroke or traumatic brain injury
Neurologist
Physician that specializes in diseases of the brain, spinal cord, or nerves
Lumbar (spinal) puncture or tap (LP)
Inserting a needle between the lower bony vertebrae of spinal column in order to sample the cerebrospinal fluid
Brain scan
Introducing radioactive element into the blood that can image possible tumors in the brain
Electroenechephalography (EEG)
Image of the brain’s electrical activity
Computed Tomography (CT)
Specialized X-ray that takes images of body from multiple angles that integrate into images of “slices” of the body
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
Use of strong magnetic field to produce images of “slices” of the body
