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Medical Terminology > Week 1 (Thru Nervous System) > Flashcards

Week 1 (Thru Nervous System) Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

-itis

A

Inflammation

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2
Q

-osis

A

Abnormal Condition

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3
Q

-ectomy

A

To cut out or remove

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4
Q

-otomy

A

To cut into

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5
Q

-ostomy

A

To make a “mouth”

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6
Q

a/an

A

Without, none

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7
Q

micro

A

Small

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8
Q

macro

A

Large

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9
Q

Mega/megaly

A

Enlarged

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10
Q

-scopy/scopic

A

To look or observe

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11
Q

-graphy/-graph

A

Recording an image

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12
Q

-gram

A

The image (X-ray)

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13
Q

-ologist/-ology

A

Specialist in, study of

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14
Q

Stomato

A

Mouth

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15
Q

Dento

A

Teeth

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16
Q

Glosso/linguo

A

Tongue

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17
Q

Gingivo

A

Gums

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18
Q

Encephalo

A

Brain, inside the head

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19
Q

Gastro

A

Stomach

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20
Q

Entero

A

Intestine

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21
Q

Colo

A

Large intestine

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22
Q

Procto

A

Anus/rectum

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23
Q

Hepato

A

Liver

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24
Q

Nephro/rene

A

Kidney

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25
Q

Orchido

A

Testis

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26
Q

Oophoro

A

Ovary

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27
Q

Hystero/metro

A

Uterus

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28
Q

Salpingo

A

Uterine Tubes

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29
Q

Dermo

A

Skin

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30
Q

Masto/mammo

A

Breast

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31
Q

Osteo

A

Bones

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32
Q

Cardio

A

Heart

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33
Q

Cysto

A

Bladder

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34
Q

Rhino

A

Nose

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35
Q

Phlebo/veno

A

Veins

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36
Q

Pneumo/pulmo

A

Lungs

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37
Q

Hemo/emia

A

Blood

38
Q

Leuk/o

A

White

39
Q

Melan/o

A

Black

40
Q

Cyan/o

A

Blue

41
Q

Xanth/o

A

Yellow

42
Q

-oma

A

A swelling

43
Q

Aden/o

A

Gland

44
Q

Lip/o

A

Fat

45
Q

My/o

A

Muscle

46
Q

Lymph/o

A

Lymph tissue

47
Q

Carcin/o

A

Malignant

48
Q

Osteo/o

A

Bone

49
Q

Endo

A

within, inside of

50
Q

Peri

A

Around

51
Q

Circum

A

Around

52
Q

Retro

A

Behind

53
Q

Epi

A

Upon, on top

54
Q

Trans

A

Through

55
Q

Intra

A

Within

56
Q

Sub

A

Below

57
Q

Brady/trachy

A

Slow/fast

58
Q

Angi/o

A

Vessel

59
Q

-stasis

A

To stop

60
Q

-cyte

A

Cell

61
Q

Atheroschlerosis

A

Literally “hardening of the fatty stuff,” build up of fartty plaques in blood vessels that calcify and harden. Limiting their expandability and causing heart, kidney, and brain damage over time

62
Q

Myocardial Infarction

A

Blockage of a coronary artery to the heart, aka “heart attack”

63
Q

Mitral prolapse, stenosis, regurgitation

A

Tearing, hardening, or break down of the valves in heart that allows blood to then backwash into the arteries

64
Q

Angina pectoris

A

Literally “pain in the chest,” “vice-like” pain in the chest that’s a common symptom experiences with MI

65
Q

Arrhythmia/dysrhythmia

A

Abnormal or no rhythm, aka abnormal heart rates or rhythms

66
Q

Ischemia

A

Literally “not quite enough blood,” lack of blood reaching the heart that could possibly lead to Angina pectoris or MI

67
Q

Cardiologist

A

Physician that specializes in diseases of the circulatory system, especially the heart

68
Q

Hematologist

A

Physician that specializes in diseases of the blood

69
Q

Electrocardiogram (ECG/EKG)

A

Printout recording of the electrical activity of the heart

70
Q

Echocardiography

A

Use of high frequency sound waves (similar to sonar) to form an image of the inside of the heart

71
Q

Cardiac catheterization

A

Long hollow tube (catheter) used to identify blockages in coronary circulation

72
Q

Phlebotomist/Venipuncturist

A

Trained nurse or technician that draws blood for tab test and may start IV’s

73
Q

Cephal/o

A

Head

74
Q

Mening/o

A

Membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord

75
Q

Myel/o

A

Spinal cord

76
Q

Neur/o

A

Nerve

77
Q

Dys

A

Difficult, painful, abnormal

78
Q

-cele

A

Hernia, abnormal protrusion of structure from normal position

79
Q

-pathy

A

Disease, abnormality

80
Q

-plasia

A

Development, formation, growth

81
Q

-plegia

A

Paralysis

82
Q

Multiple Sclerosis

A

Literally “multiple hardening,” degeneration of the insulating layer of nerves in central nervous system from hard plaques that causes “short circuiting” causing dysfunction of body based on where degeneration occurs

83
Q

Cerebrovascular accident (CVA)

A

AKA Stroke, brain not receiving enough oxygen due to vessel bursting or clotting

84
Q

Transient Ischemic Attack

A

Temporary lack of blood to the brain which can cause similar symptoms and signs as stroke but only lasts less than 24 hours

85
Q

Epilepsy

A

Greek word for “seizures,” also referred to as convulsions. Many causes leaked to epilepsy

86
Q

Aphasia

A

Loss of speech usually caused by stroke or traumatic brain injury

87
Q

Neurologist

A

Physician that specializes in diseases of the brain, spinal cord, or nerves

88
Q

Lumbar (spinal) puncture or tap (LP)

A

Inserting a needle between the lower bony vertebrae of spinal column in order to sample the cerebrospinal fluid

89
Q

Brain scan

A

Introducing radioactive element into the blood that can image possible tumors in the brain

90
Q

Electroenechephalography (EEG)

A

Image of the brain’s electrical activity

91
Q

Computed Tomography (CT)

A

Specialized X-ray that takes images of body from multiple angles that integrate into images of “slices” of the body

92
Q

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)

A

Use of strong magnetic field to produce images of “slices” of the body

Medical Terminology (6 decks)

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