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Anatomy And Physiology And Terminology > Week 1 Terms > Flashcards

Week 1 Terms Flashcards

0
Q

What is Dermat/o?

A

Skin

Ex: dermatology (study of the skin

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1
Q

What is Cardi/o?

A

Heart

Ex: cardiac (pertaining to the heart)

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2
Q

What is gastr/o?

A

Stomach

Ex: gastric ( pertaining to the stomach)

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3
Q

What is Nephr/o?

A

Kidney

Ex: nephromegaly (enlarged kidney)

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4
Q

What is Ot/o?

A

Ear

Ex: otic (pertaining to the ear)

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5
Q

What is Plumon/o?

A

Lung

Ex: pulmonary (pertaining to the lungs)

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6
Q

What is Rhin/o?

A

Nose

Ex: rhinoplasty (surgical repair of the nose)

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7
Q

What is Brady-?

A

Slow

Ex: bradycardia (slow heartbeat)

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8
Q

What is intra-?

A

Within, inside

Ex: intravenous (inside, within a vein)

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9
Q

What is para-?

A

Beside, near; abnormal; two like parts of a pair

Ex: paranasal (beside the nose)
Ex: paresthesia (abnormal sensation)
Ex: paraplegic (paraly-sis of two like parts of a pair of legs)

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10
Q

What is post-?

A

After

Ex: postpartum (after birth)

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11
Q

What is retro-?

A

Backwards, behind

Ex: retroperitoneal (behind the peritoneum)

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12
Q

What is mono-?

A

One

Ex: monoplegic (paralysis of one extremity)

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13
Q

What is -ia?

A

State, condition

Ex: bradycardia (condition of a slow heart)

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14
Q

What is -ism?

A

State of

Ex: hypothyroidism (state of low thyroid)

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15
Q

What is -itis?

A

Inflammation

Ex: dermatitis (inflammation of the skin)

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16
Q

What is -megaly?

A

Enlargement, large

Ex: cardiomegaly (enlarged heart)

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17
Q

What is -Oma?

A

Tumor, mass, swelling

Ex: carcinoma (cancerous tumor)

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18
Q

What is a word root?

A

The foundation of a medical term and provides the general meaning of the word.

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19
Q

What is a prefix?

A

Prefix frequently give information about the location of an organ, the number of parts, or the time (frequency).

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20
Q

What is Ultra

A

Beyond, excess

Ex: ultrasound

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21
Q

What is a suffix?

A

Ending of a term to add meaning such as condition, disease, or procedure

Every medical term must have a suffix!!

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22
Q

What is -centesis?

A

Puncture to withdraw fluid

Ex: arthrocentesis (puncture to withdraw fluid from a joint)
Surgical suffixes

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23
Q

What is -ectomy?

A

Surgical removal

Ex: gastrectomy (surgically remove the stomach)
Surgical suffix

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24
Q

What is -ostomy?

A

Surgically create an opening

Ex: Colostomy (surgically create an opening for the colon [through the abdominal wall]). Surgical suffix

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25
Q

What is -otomy?

A

Cutting into

Ex: Thoracotomy (cutting into the chest)
Surgical suffix

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26
Q

What is -pexy?

A

Surgical fixation

Ex: nephropexy (surgical fixation of a kidney)
Surgical suffix

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27
Q

What is -plasty?

A

surgical repair

Ex: dermatoplasty (surgical repair of the skin)
Surgical suffix

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28
Q

What is -rrhaphy?

A

Suture

Ex: myorrhaphy (suture together muscle)
Surgical suffix

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29
Q

What is -gram?

A

Record or picture

Ex: electrocardiogram (record of the hearts electricity)
Procedural suffix

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30
Q

What is -graph?

A

Instrument for recording

Ex: electrocardiograph (instrument for recording the heart’s electrical activity) procedural suffix

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31
Q

What is -graphy?

A

Process of recording

Ex: electrocardiography (process of recording the heart’s electrical activity). Procedural suffix

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32
Q

What is -meter?

A

Instrument for measuring

Audiometer (instrument to measure hearing)
Procedural suffix

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33
Q

What is -metry?

A

Process of measuring

Ex: audiometry (process of measuring hearing)
Procedural suffix

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34
Q

What is -scope?

A

Instrument for viewing

Ex: Gastroscope (instrument to view scope)
Procedural suffix

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35
Q

What is -scopy?

A

Process of visually examining

Ex: gastroscopy (process of visually examining the stomach)

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36
Q

What is history and physical medical record?

A

Written and dictated by admitting physician

Details- history, result of examination, initial diagnoses, and physician’s plan of treatment

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37
Q

What is physician’s orders?

A

Complete list of care, medication, tests, and treatments for patient

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38
Q

What is Nurse’s notes?

A

Record of patients care throughout the day

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39
Q

What is physician’s progress notes?

A

Physician’s daily record of patients condition

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40
Q

What is consultation reports?

A

Reports given by specialist whom evaluate patients

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41
Q

What are ancillary reports?

A

Reports From various treatments and therapies patient has received

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42
Q

What is a diagnostic report?

A

Results of diagnostic tests

Ex: lab test, medical imaging

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43
Q

What is informed consent?

A

Document voluntarily signed by patient or a responsible party that clearly describes purpose, methods, procedures, benefits, and risks

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44
Q

What is a Operative Report?

A

Report from surgeon detailing an operation

45
Q

What is a anesthesiologist’s report?

A

Relates details regarding substances given to patient, patient’s response to anesthesia and vital signs.

46
Q

What is a pathologist report?

A

Report given by pathologist who studies tissue removed from patient.

Ex: bone marrow, blood, or tissue biopsy

47
Q

What is a discharge summary?

A

Comprehensive outline of patients entire hospital stay

48
Q

What is a acute care or general hospital?

A

Provides services to diagnose and treat diseases for a short period of time. In addition they usually provide emergency and obstetrical care.

49
Q

What is a specialty care hospital?

A

Provides care for very specific types of diseases

Ex: psychiatric hospital

50
Q

What is a nursing home or long term care facility?

A

Provide long term care for patients needing extra time to recover from illness or injury before returning home, or for a person that can no longer take care of themselves

51
Q

What is a ambulatory care center, surgical center, or outpatient clinic?

A

Provides services not requiring an overnight hospitalization

52
Q

What services does a physician’s office provide?

A

Provides diagnostic and treatment services in a private office setting

53
Q

What is health maintenance organization (HMO)

A

Provides wide range of services by a group of primary care physicians, specialist, and other healthcare professionals in a prepaid system

54
Q

What is home health care?

A

Provides nursing, therapy, personal care, or housekeeping services in patients own home

55
Q

What is a rehabilitation center?

A

Provides intensive physical and occupation therapy

56
Q

What is hospice?

A

Provides supportive treatment to terminally ill patients and their families

57
Q

What is HIPAA? When was it established?

A

The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act

Established in 1996

58
Q

What is the organization of the body?

A

Cells, tissue, organs and systems

59
Q

What is the fundamental unit of all living things?

A

Cells

60
Q

Cells are what?

A

The smallest structure of the body that has all the properties of being alive

61
Q

Individual cells perform functions for the body such as what?

A

Reproduction, hormone secretion, energy production and excretion

62
Q

What is the study of cells?

A

Cytology

63
Q

The outermost boundary of the cell is what?

A

Cell membrane

64
Q

Cell membrane encloses what?

A

The cytoplasm and nucleus

65
Q

What does the nucleus contain

A

Cells DNA

66
Q

What is the study of tissue?

A

Histology

67
Q

What are the 4 types of tissue?

A

Muscle tissue, epithelial tissue, connective tissue and nervous tissue

68
Q

Which tissue produces movement in the body through contraction or shortening in length?

A

Muscle tissue

69
Q

What are the 3 basic types of muscles?

A

Skeletal muscles, smooth muscles, and cardiac muscles

70
Q

These muscles are attached to bones?

A

Skeletal muscle

71
Q

Which muscles are found in internal organs such as intestines, uterus and blood vessels?

A

Smooth muscles

72
Q

What muscles are only found in the heart?

A

Cardiac muscles

73
Q

What is composed of close packed cells forming coverings and linings of body structures?

A

Epithelial tissue or epithelium

74
Q

What tissue supports and protects tissue in body structure?

A

Connective

75
Q

What provides structural support for the whole body?

A

Bones

76
Q

What is the shock absorber in the joints?

A

Cartilage

77
Q

What tightly connects skeletal muscles to bones?

A

Tendons

78
Q

What provides protective padding around body structures?

A

Adipose

79
Q

Nervous tissue is composed of cells called what?

A

Neurons

80
Q

Nervous tissue forms what?

A

Brain, spinal cord and the network of nerves

81
Q

What beside the body is composed of several different types of tissue?

A

Organs

82
Q

What is the anatomical position?

A

Standing erect with arms at the sides of the body, the palms of the hands facing up and eyes looking straight ahead. In addition the legs are parallel with feet and the toes pointing forward

83
Q

Name the two ways of dividing the body or any parts vertically from front to back into right and left portions and the difference between them?

A

Sagittal plane - unequal parts

Mid Sagittal or median plane - equal parts

84
Q

What is it called to divide the body into front and back portions?

A

Frontal or coronal plane

85
Q

What is it called to divide the body or parts into upper or lower portions?

A

Transverse or horizontal plane

86
Q

The body trunk is made up of what 7 regions?

A

Thoracic, abdominal, pelvic, pubic, dorsum, vertebral, gluteal

87
Q

What are the 4 regions of the body not in the trunk?

A

Cephalic, cervical, brachial, crural

88
Q

The dorsal cavity is made up of two cavities and organs what are they?

A

Cranial cavity - brain

Spinal cavity - spinal cord

89
Q

What cavities are in the ventral cavity?

A

Thoracic & abdominalpelvic

90
Q

What 3 cavities and organs are in the thoracic cavity?

A

Pleural cavity - lungs
Pericardial - heart
Mediastinum - heart, esophagus, trachea, thymus gland, aorta

91
Q

What 2 cavities and organs are in the abdominalpelvic cavity?

A

Abdominal - stomach, spleen, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, and portions of the small intestines and colon
Pelvic - urinary bladder, urethra, portions of the small intestine, & colon Female: uterus, ovaries, Fallopian tubes & vagina
Male: prostate gland, seminal vesicles, portion of vas deferens

92
Q

What is superior or cephalic positioning?

A

More toward the head or above another structure

Ex: the adrenal glands are superior to the kidneys

93
Q

What is inferior or caudal positioning?

A

More toward the feet or tail, or below another structure

Ex: the intestine is inferior to the heart

94
Q

What is anterior or ventral positioning?

A

Move toward the front or belly-side of the body

Ex: the naval is located on the anterior surface of the body

95
Q

What is posterior or dorsal positioning?

A

Move toward the back or spinal cord side of the body

Ex: the posterior wall of the right kidney was excised

96
Q

What is medial positioning?

A

Refers to the middle or near the middle of the body or the structure

Ex: the heart is medially located in the chest cavity

97
Q

What is lateral positioning?

A

Refers to the side

Ex: the ovaries are located lateral to the uterus

98
Q

What is proximal positioning?

A

Located nearer to the of attachment to the body

Ex: in the anatomical position the elbow is proximal to the hand

99
Q

What is distal positioning?

A

Located farther away from the point of attachment to the body

Ex: the hand is distal to the elbow

100
Q

What is apex positioning?

A

Tip or summit of an organ

Ex: we hear the heart beat by listening over the apex of the heart

101
Q

What is base positioning?

A

Bottom or lower part of an organ

Ex: on the x-Ray, a fracture was noted at the base of the skull

102
Q

What is superficial positioning?

A

More toward the surface of the body

Ex: the cut was superficial

103
Q

What is deep positioning?

A

Further away from the surface of the body

Ex: an incision into an abdominal organ is a deep incision

104
Q

What are the subdivision of the the abdominal cavity?

A

Top- right hypochondriac, epigastric, left hypochondriac
Middle- right lumbar, umbilical, left lumbar
Bottom - right iliac, hypogastric, left iliac

105
Q

What organs are in the right upper quadrant of the body?

A

Liver (majority), right kidney, colon, pancreas (small portion), gallbladder, small intestines

106
Q

What organs are in the left upper left quadrant?

A

Liver (small portion), spleen, left kidney, stomach, colon, small intestines, pancreas (majority)

107
Q

What organs are in the right lower quadrant?

A

Colon, small intestines, right ureter, appendix, right ovary (female),
Right Fallopian tube (female)

108
Q

What organs are in the left lower quadrant?

A

Colon, small intestines, left ureter, left ovary (female), left Fallopian tube (female)

109
Q

What organs are in the midline area?

A

Bladder, uterus (female), prostate (male)

Anatomy And Physiology And Terminology (3 decks)

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