Week 1 Terms Flashcards
0
Q
What is Dermat/o?
A
Skin
Ex: dermatology (study of the skin
1
Q
What is Cardi/o?
A
Heart
Ex: cardiac (pertaining to the heart)
2
Q
What is gastr/o?
A
Stomach
Ex: gastric ( pertaining to the stomach)
3
Q
What is Nephr/o?
A
Kidney
Ex: nephromegaly (enlarged kidney)
4
Q
What is Ot/o?
A
Ear
Ex: otic (pertaining to the ear)
5
Q
What is Plumon/o?
A
Lung
Ex: pulmonary (pertaining to the lungs)
6
Q
What is Rhin/o?
A
Nose
Ex: rhinoplasty (surgical repair of the nose)
7
Q
What is Brady-?
A
Slow
Ex: bradycardia (slow heartbeat)
8
Q
What is intra-?
A
Within, inside
Ex: intravenous (inside, within a vein)
9
Q
What is para-?
A
Beside, near; abnormal; two like parts of a pair
Ex: paranasal (beside the nose)
Ex: paresthesia (abnormal sensation)
Ex: paraplegic (paraly-sis of two like parts of a pair of legs)
10
Q
What is post-?
A
After
Ex: postpartum (after birth)
11
Q
What is retro-?
A
Backwards, behind
Ex: retroperitoneal (behind the peritoneum)
12
Q
What is mono-?
A
One
Ex: monoplegic (paralysis of one extremity)
13
Q
What is -ia?
A
State, condition
Ex: bradycardia (condition of a slow heart)
14
Q
What is -ism?
A
State of
Ex: hypothyroidism (state of low thyroid)
15
Q
What is -itis?
A
Inflammation
Ex: dermatitis (inflammation of the skin)
16
Q
What is -megaly?
A
Enlargement, large
Ex: cardiomegaly (enlarged heart)
17
Q
What is -Oma?
A
Tumor, mass, swelling
Ex: carcinoma (cancerous tumor)
18
Q
What is a word root?
A
The foundation of a medical term and provides the general meaning of the word.
19
Q
What is a prefix?
A
Prefix frequently give information about the location of an organ, the number of parts, or the time (frequency).
20
Q
What is Ultra
A
Beyond, excess
Ex: ultrasound
21
Q
What is a suffix?
A
Ending of a term to add meaning such as condition, disease, or procedure
Every medical term must have a suffix!!
22
Q
What is -centesis?
A
Puncture to withdraw fluid
Ex: arthrocentesis (puncture to withdraw fluid from a joint)
Surgical suffixes
23
Q
What is -ectomy?
A
Surgical removal
Ex: gastrectomy (surgically remove the stomach)
Surgical suffix
24
What is -ostomy?
Surgically create an opening
Ex: Colostomy (surgically create an opening for the colon [through the abdominal wall]). Surgical suffix
25
What is -otomy?
Cutting into
Ex: Thoracotomy (cutting into the chest)
Surgical suffix
26
What is -pexy?
Surgical fixation
Ex: nephropexy (surgical fixation of a kidney)
Surgical suffix
27
What is -plasty?
surgical repair
Ex: dermatoplasty (surgical repair of the skin)
Surgical suffix
28
What is -rrhaphy?
Suture
Ex: myorrhaphy (suture together muscle)
Surgical suffix
29
What is -gram?
Record or picture
Ex: electrocardiogram (record of the hearts electricity)
Procedural suffix
30
What is -graph?
Instrument for recording
Ex: electrocardiograph (instrument for recording the heart's electrical activity) procedural suffix
31
What is -graphy?
Process of recording
Ex: electrocardiography (process of recording the heart's electrical activity). Procedural suffix
32
What is -meter?
Instrument for measuring
Audiometer (instrument to measure hearing)
Procedural suffix
33
What is -metry?
Process of measuring
Ex: audiometry (process of measuring hearing)
Procedural suffix
34
What is -scope?
Instrument for viewing
Ex: Gastroscope (instrument to view scope)
Procedural suffix
35
What is -scopy?
Process of visually examining
Ex: gastroscopy (process of visually examining the stomach)
36
What is history and physical medical record?
Written and dictated by admitting physician
Details- history, result of examination, initial diagnoses, and physician's plan of treatment
37
What is physician's orders?
Complete list of care, medication, tests, and treatments for patient
38
What is Nurse's notes?
Record of patients care throughout the day
39
What is physician's progress notes?
Physician's daily record of patients condition
40
What is consultation reports?
Reports given by specialist whom evaluate patients
41
What are ancillary reports?
Reports From various treatments and therapies patient has received
42
What is a diagnostic report?
Results of diagnostic tests
Ex: lab test, medical imaging
43
What is informed consent?
Document voluntarily signed by patient or a responsible party that clearly describes purpose, methods, procedures, benefits, and risks
44
What is a Operative Report?
Report from surgeon detailing an operation
45
What is a anesthesiologist's report?
Relates details regarding substances given to patient, patient's response to anesthesia and vital signs.
46
What is a pathologist report?
Report given by pathologist who studies tissue removed from patient.
Ex: bone marrow, blood, or tissue biopsy
47
What is a discharge summary?
Comprehensive outline of patients entire hospital stay
48
What is a acute care or general hospital?
Provides services to diagnose and treat diseases for a short period of time. In addition they usually provide emergency and obstetrical care.
49
What is a specialty care hospital?
Provides care for very specific types of diseases
Ex: psychiatric hospital
50
What is a nursing home or long term care facility?
Provide long term care for patients needing extra time to recover from illness or injury before returning home, or for a person that can no longer take care of themselves
51
What is a ambulatory care center, surgical center, or outpatient clinic?
Provides services not requiring an overnight hospitalization
52
What services does a physician's office provide?
Provides diagnostic and treatment services in a private office setting
53
What is health maintenance organization (HMO)
Provides wide range of services by a group of primary care physicians, specialist, and other healthcare professionals in a prepaid system
54
What is home health care?
Provides nursing, therapy, personal care, or housekeeping services in patients own home
55
What is a rehabilitation center?
Provides intensive physical and occupation therapy
56
What is hospice?
Provides supportive treatment to terminally ill patients and their families
57
What is HIPAA? When was it established?
The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act
Established in 1996
58
What is the organization of the body?
Cells, tissue, organs and systems
59
What is the fundamental unit of all living things?
Cells
60
Cells are what?
The smallest structure of the body that has all the properties of being alive
61
Individual cells perform functions for the body such as what?
Reproduction, hormone secretion, energy production and excretion
62
What is the study of cells?
Cytology
63
The outermost boundary of the cell is what?
Cell membrane
64
Cell membrane encloses what?
The cytoplasm and nucleus
65
What does the nucleus contain
Cells DNA
66
What is the study of tissue?
Histology
67
What are the 4 types of tissue?
Muscle tissue, epithelial tissue, connective tissue and nervous tissue
68
Which tissue produces movement in the body through contraction or shortening in length?
Muscle tissue
69
What are the 3 basic types of muscles?
Skeletal muscles, smooth muscles, and cardiac muscles
70
These muscles are attached to bones?
Skeletal muscle
71
Which muscles are found in internal organs such as intestines, uterus and blood vessels?
Smooth muscles
72
What muscles are only found in the heart?
Cardiac muscles
73
What is composed of close packed cells forming coverings and linings of body structures?
Epithelial tissue or epithelium
74
What tissue supports and protects tissue in body structure?
Connective
75
What provides structural support for the whole body?
Bones
76
What is the shock absorber in the joints?
Cartilage
77
What tightly connects skeletal muscles to bones?
Tendons
78
What provides protective padding around body structures?
Adipose
79
Nervous tissue is composed of cells called what?
Neurons
80
Nervous tissue forms what?
Brain, spinal cord and the network of nerves
81
What beside the body is composed of several different types of tissue?
Organs
82
What is the anatomical position?
Standing erect with arms at the sides of the body, the palms of the hands facing up and eyes looking straight ahead. In addition the legs are parallel with feet and the toes pointing forward
83
Name the two ways of dividing the body or any parts vertically from front to back into right and left portions and the difference between them?
Sagittal plane - unequal parts
Mid Sagittal or median plane - equal parts
84
What is it called to divide the body into front and back portions?
Frontal or coronal plane
85
What is it called to divide the body or parts into upper or lower portions?
Transverse or horizontal plane
86
The body trunk is made up of what 7 regions?
Thoracic, abdominal, pelvic, pubic, dorsum, vertebral, gluteal
87
What are the 4 regions of the body not in the trunk?
Cephalic, cervical, brachial, crural
88
The dorsal cavity is made up of two cavities and organs what are they?
Cranial cavity - brain
Spinal cavity - spinal cord
89
What cavities are in the ventral cavity?
Thoracic & abdominalpelvic
90
What 3 cavities and organs are in the thoracic cavity?
Pleural cavity - lungs
Pericardial - heart
Mediastinum - heart, esophagus, trachea, thymus gland, aorta
91
What 2 cavities and organs are in the abdominalpelvic cavity?
Abdominal - stomach, spleen, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, and portions of the small intestines and colon
Pelvic - urinary bladder, urethra, portions of the small intestine, & colon Female: uterus, ovaries, Fallopian tubes & vagina
Male: prostate gland, seminal vesicles, portion of vas deferens
92
What is superior or cephalic positioning?
More toward the head or above another structure
Ex: the adrenal glands are superior to the kidneys
93
What is inferior or caudal positioning?
More toward the feet or tail, or below another structure
Ex: the intestine is inferior to the heart
94
What is anterior or ventral positioning?
Move toward the front or belly-side of the body
Ex: the naval is located on the anterior surface of the body
95
What is posterior or dorsal positioning?
Move toward the back or spinal cord side of the body
Ex: the posterior wall of the right kidney was excised
96
What is medial positioning?
Refers to the middle or near the middle of the body or the structure
Ex: the heart is medially located in the chest cavity
97
What is lateral positioning?
Refers to the side
Ex: the ovaries are located lateral to the uterus
98
What is proximal positioning?
Located nearer to the of attachment to the body
Ex: in the anatomical position the elbow is proximal to the hand
99
What is distal positioning?
Located farther away from the point of attachment to the body
Ex: the hand is distal to the elbow
100
What is apex positioning?
Tip or summit of an organ
Ex: we hear the heart beat by listening over the apex of the heart
101
What is base positioning?
Bottom or lower part of an organ
Ex: on the x-Ray, a fracture was noted at the base of the skull
102
What is superficial positioning?
More toward the surface of the body
Ex: the cut was superficial
103
What is deep positioning?
Further away from the surface of the body
Ex: an incision into an abdominal organ is a deep incision
104
What are the subdivision of the the abdominal cavity?
Top- right hypochondriac, epigastric, left hypochondriac
Middle- right lumbar, umbilical, left lumbar
Bottom - right iliac, hypogastric, left iliac
105
What organs are in the right upper quadrant of the body?
Liver (majority), right kidney, colon, pancreas (small portion), gallbladder, small intestines
106
What organs are in the left upper left quadrant?
Liver (small portion), spleen, left kidney, stomach, colon, small intestines, pancreas (majority)
107
What organs are in the right lower quadrant?
Colon, small intestines, right ureter, appendix, right ovary (female),
Right Fallopian tube (female)
108
What organs are in the left lower quadrant?
Colon, small intestines, left ureter, left ovary (female), left Fallopian tube (female)
109
What organs are in the midline area?
Bladder, uterus (female), prostate (male)
