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Anatomy And Physiology And Terminology > Chapter 8 & 9 > Flashcards

Chapter 8 & 9 Flashcards

0
Q

Uremia

A

Excess of urea and other nitrogenous waste

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1
Q

Cholecystectomy

A

Surgical removal of gallbladder

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2
Q

Hemodialysis

A

Machine that filters blood of a person to remove waste products

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3
Q

Liver

A

Large organ in right upper quadrant of abdomen serves many functions in body it’s digestive system role includes producing bile,processing absorbed nutrients and detoxifying harmful substances

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4
Q

Filtration

A

First stage in urine production during which waste products are. Filtered from blood

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5
Q

Reabsorption

A

Second stage of urine production, substances needed for the body are reabsorbed as filtrate passes through kidney tubules

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6
Q

Secretion

A

Third phase of urine production, additional waste products are added to filtrate as it passes through kidney tubules

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7
Q

Micturition

A

Another name for urination

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8
Q

Nephrolith

A

Kidney stone

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9
Q

Cystoplasty

A

Surgical repair of the bladder

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10
Q

Hemataria

A

Condition of blood In the urine

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11
Q

Dysuria

A

Painful or difficult urination, a symptom of many disorders such as cystitis, urethritis, enlarged prostate in males, and prolapsed uterus in females

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12
Q

Olguria

A

Condition of scanty amounts of urine

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13
Q

Strictire

A

Narrowing of passageway in urinary system

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14
Q

Polyuria

A

Condition of having excess urine production, can be symptoms of diabetes

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15
Q

Colonoscopy

A

Flexible fibers scope passed through anus, rectum and colon is used to examine upper portion of colon polyps and small growths can be removed

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16
Q

Hydrochloric acid

A

HCI acid secreted by the stomach lining aids in digestion

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17
Q

Pyloric sphincter

A

Sphincter at the distal end of the stomach controls passage of food in the duodenum

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18
Q

Cecum

A

First portion of the colon; is a blind pouch off beginning of large intestine

The appendix grows out of the end of the cecum

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19
Q

Rectum

A

Stores feces

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20
Q

Bile

A

Substance produced by the liver and stored in the gallbladder
Added to chyme in the duodenum and functions to emulsify fats so they can be digested and absorbed
Cholesterol is essential to bile production

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21
Q

Gastrectomy

A

Surgical removal of stomach

22
Q

Ileal

A

Pertaining to ileum

23
Q

Diarrhea

A

Passing frequent watery bowel movements; usually accompanies gastrointestinal disorders

24
Q

Emesis

A

Vomiting usually with some force

25
Q

Jaundice

A

Yellowing of skin, mucus membrane, and the whites of the eyes caused by the deposit of bile pigment from too much bilirubin in the blood

26
Q

Groin

A

The area between the abdomen and the thigh on both sides of the body

27
Q

Tracheal

A

Pertaining to the trachea

28
Q

Salivary glands

A

Exocrine glands with ducts that open in the mouth, produces saliva which makes blouse of food easier to swallow and begins digestive process

29
Q

Uvula

A

Hanging down flap from posterior edge of soft palate

30
Q

Tongue

A

Muscular organ in the mouth works to move food around and is necessary for speech

31
Q

Enamel

A

Hardest substance in the body

32
Q

Deciduous

A

20 teeth that begin to erupt between 6 mos. and 28 mos. of age.

Baby teeth

33
Q

Oropharynx

A

Middle part of the pharynx that food and drink is received from the mouth

34
Q

Esophagus

A

Tube that carries food from the pharynx to the stomach

35
Q

Gastrointestinal system (GI)

A

Oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, colon, rectum and anus

36
Q

The accessory organs

A

Organs that participate in the digestion process, but are not part of the continuous alimentary canal (the gut)

37
Q

What are the accessory glands and how are they connected?

A

Liver, pancreas, gallbladder, and salivary glands

Connected to gut by ducts

38
Q

Small intestine

A

Average length of 20 feet, is the longest portion of the alimentary canal and has 3 sections: duodenum, jejunum and ileum

39
Q

Duodenum

A

Extends from the pyloric sphincter to the jejunum and is about 10 to 12 inches long. Digestion is completed in the duodenum after the chyme from the stomach is mixed with digestive juices from the pancreas and gallbladder

40
Q

Jejunum

A

The middle portion extends from the duodenum to the ileum

41
Q

Ileum

A

The last portion of the small intestine and extends from the jejunum to the colon. At 12 feet in length it is the longest portion of the small intestine

42
Q

Ileocecal valve

A

Sphincter that connects ileum to the colon

43
Q

Colon

A

Approximately 5 feet long extends from the cecum to the anus

44
Q

Blouse

A

Saliva mixed with food in the mouth

45
Q

Amylase

A

Digestive enzymes that begins the digestion of carbohydrates

46
Q

Three pairs of salivary glands

A

Parotid - in front of the ears
Mandibular glands - floor of the mouth
Sublingual glands - floor of the mouth

47
Q

Gallbladder

A

(GB) bile produced by liver is stored in the gallbladder.
In response to fat in the chyme, the muscular walls of the gallbladder contracts and sends bile back down the cystic duct and into the common bile duct which carries bile to the duodenum which it is able to emulsify the fat in chyme

48
Q

Hepatic duct and cystic duct

A

Bile produced by the liver travels down the hepatic and cystic ducts into the gallbladder

The gallbladder sends the bile back down the cystic duct

49
Q

Pancreatic duct

A

Connects the pancreas to the duodenum

50
Q

Pancreas

A

Produces two important secretions for digestion: buffers and pancreatic enzymes
Is also an endocrine gland that produces the hormone insulin and glucagon, which play a role in regulating the level of glucose in the blood

51
Q

Buffers

A

Neutralize acidic chyme that has just left the stomach

52
Q

Pancreatic enzymes

A

Chemically digest carbohydrates carbohydrates, fats and proteins

Anatomy And Physiology And Terminology (3 decks)

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