Week 1 - Terminology

Question 1

Anatomical Landmarks from front

Answer 1

Forehead, Cranium, Face, Nasus(nose), Cervicis(neck), Cephalon(head), Axilla(armpit), Thorax, Mamma(breast), Brachium(arm), Umbilicus(naval), Manus(hand), Carpus(wrist), Antebrachium( Forearm), Pollex(thumb), Palm, Thigh, Abdomen, Trunk(shoulder to pelvis), Patellar(kneecap), Tarsus(ankle), Digits(fingers and toes), Hallux(great toe).

Question 2

Anatomical Landmarks from the back

Answer 2

Acromial(shoulder), Cephalon(head), Olecranon(elbow), Cervicus(neck), Loin(Lumbar), Dorsum(back), Gluteus, Popliteus(back of knee), Calf, Calcneus(heel), Planta(Sole)

Question 3

Directional Terms

Answer 3

Superior/Inferior- Higher up/Lower Down
Lateral/Medial- Further from midline laterally/closer to midline laterally
Proximal/Distal- Closer to start of limb/far from start of limb
Caudal/Cranial- closer to gluteus/closer to head
Dorsal/Ventral and Posterior/Anterior- back/front
Superficial/Deep- Surface/deep

Question 4

Planes?

Answer 4

Frontal plane, Sagittal Plane, Transverse Plane.

Question 5

What are the body Cavities?

Answer 5

Dorsal Cavity (Brain and spinal Chord)
Ventral Cavity ( Thoracic, abdominal and pelvic organs)

Question 6

Ventral Cavity Parts

Answer 6

Heart - Visceral Pericardium, Pericardial cavity, parietal pericardium.

Question 7

Contents of thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities

Answer 7

Liver, stomach, gallbladder, spleen, Large intestine, Small Intestine, appendix, Urinary Bladder.

Question 8

Define Homeostasis

Answer 8

• Homeostasis is the maintenance of a constant internal
environment
• Negative feedback opposes variations from normal
• Positive feedback exaggerates variations

Question 9

Example of positive and negative feedback

Answer 9

Positive- Blood clotting
Negative- Thermoregulation