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NUR: 746 > Week 1: Synergy Model, Professional Issues & Trends, & Care of the Hospitalized Patient > Flashcards

Week 1: Synergy Model, Professional Issues & Trends, & Care of the Hospitalized Patient Flashcards

1
Q

What is the synergy model?

A
  • describes nursing practice based on the needs and characteristics of patients
  • when the competencies of both the patient and the nurse are matched and are “synergized”, the outcomes for the patient are optimized
  • each characteristic or competency exists on a continuum from low (level 1) to high (level 5)
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2
Q

Patient characteristics of the synergy model

A

Resiliency, vulnerability, stability, complexity, resource availability, participation in care, participation in decision making, and predictability

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3
Q

Synergy model: resiliency

A

The capacity to return to a restorative level of functioning compensatory or coping mechanisms, their ability to “bounce back”

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4
Q

Synergy model: vulnerability

A

How likely a patient is to cave to stressors or adverse effects, susceptibility to stressors or adverse effects

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5
Q

Synergy model: stability

A

Ability to maintain status quo

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6
Q

Synergy model: complexity

A

Entanglement of two or more systems (doesn’t always have to be body systems)

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7
Q

Synergy model: resource availability

A

The extent of resources

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8
Q

Synergy model: participation in care

A

The extent to which a patient or family engages in care

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9
Q

Synergy model: participation in decision making

A

The extent to which the patient or family engages in decision making

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10
Q

Synergy model: predictability

A

A characteristic that allows one to expect a certain course of events or course of illness

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11
Q

Synergy model call nurse competencies include…

A

Clinical judgment, advocacy and moral agency, caring practices, collaboration, systems thinking, response to diversity, clinical inquiry, and facilitator of learning

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12
Q

Synergy model: clinical inquiry

A

Ongoing process of questioning and evaluating practice and providing informed practice

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13
Q

Synergy model: clinical judgment

A

Clinical reasoning, which includes clinical decision making, critical thinking, and a global grasp of the situation

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14
Q

Synergy model: facilitation of learning

A

The ability to facilitate learning for patients and/or families, nursing staff, other members of healthcare, and community

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15
Q

Synergy model: collaboration

A

Working with others in a way that promotes or encourages each person’s contribution

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16
Q

Synergy model: systems thinking

A

There is a body of knowledge or tools that allows the nurse to manage environmental or system and resources exist for the patient and/or family

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17
Q

Synergy model: advocacy and moral agency

A

Working on another’s behalf and presenting the concerns of the patient and/or family

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18
Q

Synergy model: caring practices

A

Constellation of nursing activities that create a compassionate, supportive, and therapeutic environment for patients and staff

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19
Q

Synergy model: response to diversity

A

Ability to recognize, appreciate, and incorporate differences into the provision of care

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20
Q

Synergy model outcomes include…

A

Satisfaction of patients and their families, rate of adverse incidents, complication rate, adherence to the discharge plan, mortality rate, and each patient length of stay

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21
Q

Fundamentals of AIDET

A 
A - acknowledge
I - introduce
D - duration 
E - explanation
T - thank you
22
Q

What is a living will?

A

States types of interventions of patient would want in a critical illness (artificial nutrition/hydration, life-support and intubation, names surrogate decision maker)

23
Q

What is a guardianship?

A

A legal process used to protect individuals who are unable to care for their own well-being due to infancy, incapacity, or disability

24
Q

Emancipation

A
  • A minor who is emancipated do not need parents permission to sign a legally binding contract, get medical care, enroll in vocational school, or engage in other activities that otherwise require a parent permission
  • also includes minors who are married or in the military
25
Q

Strategies for resolution: collaboration

A

Step one: understand the cognitive and emotional perspective; listen, mutual respect, no power and balances, set ground rules
Step two: engage all parties
Step three: make decision and make a plan

26
Q

Strategies for resolution: compromise

A
  • compromise is used when parties in conflict are committed to maintaining the relationship
  • parties each possess high moral certainty about opposing courses of action
  • each party relinquishes some control
27
Q

Strategies for resolution: accommodation

A
  • used when the issue is seen as minimally important
  • only one party is committed to preserving the relationship
  • May not preserve integrity for all parties
28
Q

Strategies for resolution: coercion

A
  • reflects a strong commitment to a particular position

- generally encourages a power imbalance

29
Q

Strategies for resolution: avoidance

A
  • used when a moral issue is seen as unimportant or the situation is highly emotionally charged
  • The conflict is not addressed or discussed
30
Q

What is negligence?

A

The failure to exercise the care that a reasonably prudent person would exercise in the same situation

31
Q

What is medical malpractice?

A

When a hospital, doctor, or other healthcare professional, through a negligent act or omission, causes an injury to a patient

32
Q

What four factors must be present for a malpractice suit to exist?

A
  1. Duty of care must be owed
  2. Breech - The excepted standard of care is breached
  3. Patient must have sustained an injury
  4. Causation - injury caused by your actions
33
Q

What is claims made liability insurance?

A

In order to be covered, the claim has to be made during the time of that the insurance was active for you to be covered

34
Q

What is tail coverage insurance?

A

Extended reporting period endorsement, offered by a provider’s current malpractice insurance carrier, which allows an insured provider the option to extend coverage after the cancellation or termination of a claims made policy

35
Q

What are the components of decision making capacity?

A
  • The ability to understand the options
  • The ability to understand the consequences of choosing each of the options
  • The ability to evaluate the personal costs and benefits of each of the consequences and relate them to your own instead of values and priorities
36
Q

What are informed consent components?

A
  • nature of treatment
  • consequences of treatment
  • risks and hazards
  • known side effects and complications
  • alternative treatments available
37
Q

What is the Stark Law?

A

Prohibits physicians from referring patients to certain services in which they have a “financial relationship”

38
Q

What is the anti-kickback statute?

A

Cannot get kickbacks or money for referrals

39
Q

What is the National Practitioner Data Bank (NPDA)?

A
  • A web-based repository of reports containing information on medical malpractice payments related to healthcare practitioners, providers, and suppliers
  • prevents practitioners from living state to state without disclosure or discovery previous damaging performance
  • Mission is to improve healthcare quality, protect the public, and reduce healthcare fraud and abuse in the US
  • Not visible to the public
40
Q

What is defense medicine?

A
  • often the reason why providers order too many tests

- A way providers protect themselves against lawsuits

41
Q

Characteristics of the synergy model

A
  • when the competencies of both patient and nurse are matched they are synced, the outcomes for the patient are optimized
  • each characteristic or competency exists on a continuum from low (level 1) to high (level 5)
42
Q

Components of a therapeutic relationship

A
  • Mutual trust: depend on each other to reach a common goal, don’t plan for but with the patient
  • professional boundaries: maintain patient/provider relationship
  • confidentiality: patient feels vulnerable especially when they are an inpatient
  • cultural respect: know yourself and your biases, don’t stereotype
43
Q

Ethical principles: autonomy, nonmaleficence, beneficent, formal justice, veracity, Fidelity, confidentiality, and privacy

A
  • autonomy: ability to make own decisions
  • Nonmaleficence: do no harm
  • beneficence: do good
  • formal justice: have equality
  • veracity: to tell the truth
  • Fidelity: do what you say you’re going to do
44
Q

What is credentialing?

A

Represents the verification of a persons education, training, and experiences; as in “to verify a persons credentials“

45
Q

What is privileging?

A

Permission to provide medical and other patient care services in the granting institution based on the individuals education, professional license, experience, competence, ability, health, and judgment

46
Q

Medicare

A
  • An insurance program that primarily serves people 65 and older, regardless of income
  • medicare is a federal program
  • can also get Medicare if a younger person has disabilities and/or certain diseases, including end-stage renal disease, Lou Gehrig’s disease, etc.
47
Q

Medicaid

A
  • available in every state to those with income below the poverty line
  • Federal government makes the guidelines, but the program is administered by states so eligibility requirements vary
48
Q

Licensure

A

A formal recognition by a regulation agency that someone has proficient on a scale to practice in an area, often a state

49
Q

Ordering diagnostics

A
  • don’t just order because you can
  • Think about risk versus benefit
  • is the diagnostic going to change your treatment plan
  • what do you ultimately want to find out
50
Q

Medical futility

A

Interventions that are unlikely to have significant benefit to the patient

NUR: 746 (3 decks)

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