Week 1: Social Determinants of Health

Question 1

Social determinants of health are conditions in which we are:

Answer 1

• born
• live
• grow
• work
• age
  AND inequities in power, money and resources that give rise to inequities in daily life.

Question 2

Causes of the causes of health gaps? (hint:4)

Answer 2

1. Psychosocial and environmental factors
2. Demographic factors
3. Degree of social integration and social capital
4. Political aspects

Question 3

Examples of psychosocial and environmental factors?

Answer 3

income,
poverty,
employment, education,
access to community resources

Question 4

examples of demographic factors?

Answer 4

gender, age, ethnicity

Question 5

example of political aspects?

Answer 5

funding and resource distribution (e.g US has higher levels of health inequality as most uninsured or underinsured compared to Sweden, where all citizens have right to access health care)

Question 6

key determinants of social determinants?

Answer 6

socioeconomic position, early life, social exclusion, social capital, employment and work, housing, residential environment

Question 7

what interactions need to be considered when talking about social determinants of health?

Answer 7

• key determinants
• health behaviours
• biomedical factors

Question 8

5 Principles of Life Course Perspective

Answer 8

1. human development and ageing are lifelong processes
2. Agency
3. Time and place
4. Timing
5. Linked lives

Question 9

5 Principles of Life Course Perspective: Agency?

Answer 9

individuals construct their own lives

Question 10

5 Principles of Life Course Perspective: time and place?

Answer 10

shaped by historical times and places

Question 11

5 Principles of Life Course Perspective: timing?

Answer 11

developmental consequences of events and transitions conditional on timing on people’s lives.

Question 12

5 Principles of Life Course Perspective: linked lives?

Answer 12

• social ties

- shared relationships

Question 13

taking a life course approach to health and wellbeing includes?

Answer 13

examining the long term effects of physical, emotional and social exposures to risk and protective factors.

Question 14

Life course perspective: it is important to focus on lives as ___?

Answer 14

• trajectories

sequences of events, transitions, processes in which earlier events condition later events

Question 15

life course perspective: it is important to understand situations in context of ??

Answer 15

past circumstances, not as isolated moments in time

Question 16

life course perspective: states of health as related to ??

Answer 16

• cumulative effects of early life on later life and the extent to which the early life advantages or disadvantages are maintained or compounded with age or across time

Question 17

Lifecourse and health: it recognises that health is not the outcome at a single point in time, rather it is ?

Answer 17

the extent to which early life health advantages or disadvantages are maintained (or not) across time

Question 18

lifecourse approach refers to the exposure to health risks experienced by individuals and groups either __

Answer 18

before or during birth, in childhood and at various stages in adult life

Question 19

lifecourse perspective does not assume health issues are related to ?

Answer 19

‘fixed stages’

e. g. older adults ageing not equated with disease
- physical difficulties and disability are not inevitable

Question 20

3 stages to the accumulation of disadvantage (socioeconomic + health)

Answer 20

1. Contribution of childhood socio-economic conditions to socio-economic health inequalities in adult life
2. contribution of childhood health to socio-economic health inequalities in adult life
3. health selection in adult life (social mobility)

Question 21

what are trajectories?

Answer 21

• turning points or events, transitions, processes
• past circumstances
• cumulative effects

Question 22

in a case study, what do i need to identify and link back to key determinants?

Answer 22

a. constraints (structural, community, family individual)
b. ) strengths (“ “ “ “ )
c. ) what would be important in engaging with this family?
d. ) who are you concerned about?
e. ) what would .S.W bring to health team? name role of S.W in each case.