Week 1 (see others too)

Question 1

Factors affecting bioavailability

Answer 1

Drug formulation, age, Food: if lipid soluble>water-soluble, Vomiting/malabsorption

Question 2

Circulating proteins drugs can bind to

Answer 2

Albumin, hormones, lipoproteins, acid glycoproteins

Question 3

When writing a prescription…

Answer 3

Approved drug name, route, dose, strength, units, frequency, special (additional) instructions

Question 4

What state are the end products of conjugation?

Answer 4

Water-soluble

Question 5

Cytochrome p450 carries out which reactions?

Answer 5

Oxidation and reduction

Question 6

As well as enzymes inducing and enzyme inhibiting drugs what can cytochrome p450 enzymes also be affected by?

Answer 6

Age, liver disease, hepatic blood flow, cigarette and alcohol consumption

Question 7

Elimination of which types of drugs is proportional to GFR?

Answer 7

Unbound drugs e.g gentamycin

Question 8

What type of elimination do most drugs exhibit at high doses?

Answer 8

Zero order

Question 9

A new steady state is achieved in how many half lives?

Answer 9

3-45

Question 10

Cytochrome p450 3A carries out metabolism of

Answer 10

Calcium channel blockers, benzodiazepines, HIV protease inhibitors, most statins, cyclosporin and most non-sedating antihistamines

Question 11

CYP3A inhibitors

Answer 11

Anti-fungals e.g ketoconazole, fluconazole, Cimetidine, Macrolides e.g erythromycin and grapefruit juice

Question 12

Cimetidine

Answer 12

H2 antagonist

Question 13

CYP 3A inducers

Answer 13

Carbamazepine, phenytoin, rifampicin, ritonavir, St. John’s Wort

Question 14

Rifampicin

Answer 14

An antibiotic. Can be used for the treatment of TB

Question 15

Remember that there are many different isoenzymes of cytochrome p450

Answer 15

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