Week 1 - Prunuske Flashcards
What is the general function of the forebrain?
- Motor control
- Somatosensory
- Processing
- Emotion
- Thoughts
- Planning
- Memory
- “Executive Functions”
What is the general function of the brainstem?
- Homeostasis
- Life-sustaining functions
- Cranial nerve nuclei
What is the general function of the cerebellum?
-Coordination of movements that use more than one joint
-Coordination of visually guided movements
-Learning complex new movements
(Damage leads to ataxia)
What is the general function of the spinal cord?
- Ventral (motor) nerve roots
- Dorsal (sensory) nerve roots
- Ascending and descending pathways
- Proprioception
- Spinal reflexes
- Sympathetic nervous system
What is Dr. Prunuske’s definition of CNS?
Everything inside of the dura.
Define consciousness.
- Wakefulness (open eyes, motor arousal)
- Awareness (experience thoughs, memories, & emotions)
- Philisophical enigma
In a coma, what areas of the CNS are damaged?
Damage to BOTH cerebral hemispheres, brainstem, or thalamus
In vegetative state, what areas of the CNS are damaged?
- Damage to cortex and/or thalamus
- Intact brainstem
In locked-in syndrome, what areas of the CNS are damaged?
Brainstem lesion to bilateral ventral pons
What are the clinical hallmarks of a coma?
- Not awake
- Unaware
- Unresponsive to internal or external stimuli (may have preserved spinal reflexes)
- Unarousable
- No spontaneous eye opening
What are the clinical hallmarks of vegetative state?
- Unresponsive wakefulness
- Not aware of self or others
- Will open eyes for sleep-wake cycles
- Unresponsive to internal/external stimuli
- No thoughts, memories, emotions, or intentions (may smile/grimace/grip hand due to reflexes)
What are the clinical hallmarks of vegetative state?
- Incomplete awareness
- Some sleep-wake cycles
- Can have high/low (+/-) behavioral responses
What are the clinical hallmarks of locked-in syndrome?
- Intact awareness
- Sleep-wake cycles
- Conscious, but unable to interact with external world
- Quadriplegia, sensory loss, anarthria (may be able to blink or look up/down)
What is Brown-Sequard Syndrome? What are the symptoms?
Brown-Sequard syndrome is caused by a lesion in the spinal cord which results in weakness or paralysis (hemiparaplegia) on one side of the body and a loss of sensation (hemianesthesia) on the opposite side.
What is the function of the Basal Ganglia?
Coordinates choice of mutually exclusive skeletal muscle actions.
