Week 1 Pharmacological Flashcards
Medication Practice Standard
Authority, Safety, Competence
What are OTC drugs used for ?
Used for short-term treatment of common minor illnesses
What are some advantages of OTC?
-Allows patient to effectively treat minor illness
-Remove congestion in Hospitals and doctors offices
What are some disadvantages of taking OTC?
-Risk of drug interaction
-Risk of misuse/abuse of product
-Should only be for short term treatment
What do prescription drugs ensure the consumer?
Adequate risk and benefit information from a health care provider
What are the 3 major categories of Controlled drugs?
1.Opioids
2.stimulants
3.Depressants
Define Pharmacokinetics
The movement of drugs within the body
Define pharmacotherapeutics
The clinical indications for administering drugs to prevent and treat diseases
Define Pharmacodynamics
The mechanism of interaction of drugs at their sites of activity
Name 3 natural health products
Probiotics, herbal remedies, mineral supplements
What does the body do to a drug ? (4 stages)
1.Absorption
2.Distribution
3.Metabolism
4.Excretion
What is the fastest route?
IV
Why does IV have 100% bioavailability?
Because the route delivers directly into the blood circulation
Define Bioequivalent?
Drug that has the same effect on the body as another drug
What is the First pass effect?
The metabolism of a drug and it’s passesage from the liver into circulation
Name 3 areas of body that have rapid distribution?
Heart, Liver, kidneys
Name 3 areas of your body that have slow distribution?
Muscle, skin, fat
What happens if a drug binds to protein plasma (albunin)?
The drug won’t be able to reach target cells which would cause the drug to have no effect
Name ways drugs can be removed from body?
Kidneys, exhalation, defecation, and sweating
What is peak level ?
Highest blood level of a drug
What is toxicity?
Occurs if the peak blood level of the drug is too high
What is steady state?
The amount of drug removed via elimination is equal to the amount of drug absorbed
What is a receptor?
Component of cell where drugs bind
What is Agonist?
Drug binds to the receptor with a response
What is a Antagonist?
Drug binds to receptor with no reaction
Pharmacotherapeutics: Types of Therapy
-acute -maintenance - palliative -supportive -prophylactic -empirical
Adverse effects
Undesired harmful effects resulting from a medication
Additive Effect?
Drugs with similar action that are taken for double effect
Antagonistic effect?
One drug interferes with action of another
Define inhibitor
Blocks action of an enzyme (Enzymes help speed chemical reaction)
