Week 1-Parts of Speech

Question 1

What are the 8 parts of speech and their definitions?

Answer 1

1. Nouns: word that names:
   a. A person
   b. A place
   c. A thing
   d. An idea
2. Verbs: word that expresses action or otherwise helps to make a statement:
   a. Action
   b. Subject
   c. Linking
   d. Predicate
3. Pronouns: a word used in place of one or more nouns. It may stand for a person, place, thing or idea.
4. Adverbs: modifies or describes a verb, an adjective, or another adverb.
5. Prepositions: introduces a noun or pronoun or a phrase or clause functioning in the sentence as a noun. The word or word group that the preposition introduces is its object.
6. Conjunctions: a word that joins words or groups of words.
7. Adjectives: modifies or describes a noun or pronoun
8. Interjections: is an exclamatory word that expresses emotion.

Question 2

What kinds of nouns are there and give examples:

Answer 2

Common nouns: boy, girl.
Proper nouns: John, Mary.

Singular nouns: boy, girl.
Plural nouns: boys, girls.

Singular possessive: boy’s, girl’s.
Plural possessive: boys’, girls’.

Question 3

What must every sentence have?

Answer 3

-a verb.

Question 4

What kinds of verbs are there?

Answer 4

1. Action verbs: express mental or physical action.
   a. E.g. he rode the horse to victory.
2. Linking verbs: make a statement by connecting the subject with a word that describes or explains it.
   a. e.g. He has been sick.

Question 5

What types of Pronouns are there?

Answer 5

1. Personal pronouns (I, me, mine, you, yours)
2. Indefinite pronouns (anybody, each, either, none, someone)
3. Demonstrative pronouns (this, that, these, those)
4. Interrogative pronouns (who, whom, what, which, whose)

Question 6

What’s the relationship between an adjective and pronouns and nouns?

Answer 6

7. Adjectives: modifies or describes a noun or pronoun

Question 7

Adverbs

Answer 7

Answers the questions:
How: he ran quickly.
When: she left yesterday.
Where: we went there.
To what degree or how much: it was too hot.
Kinds of Adverbs:
Interrogative adverbs: introduce questions.
e.g. how did you break your leg? When does your plane leave?
(how, when, how often, where)

Question 8

What’s the relationship between a preposition and a noun or pronoun or phrase or clause?

Answer 8

Prepositions: introduces a noun or pronoun or a phrase or clause functioning in the sentence as a noun. The word or word group that the preposition introduces is its object.

Question 9

What is the word or word group that the proposition introduces called?

Answer 9

Prepositions: introduces a noun or pronoun or a phrase or clause functioning in the sentence as a noun. The word or word group that the preposition introduces is its object.

Question 10

Presuppositions Examples

Answer 10

Never stand alone.
Noun or pronoun is the object of the preposition.
You can press those leaves under glass.
Under=preposition
Glass=object
Can have more than one object: Her telegram to Nina and Ralph brought good news.
Nina and Ralph= objects.
To=preposition.
Objects can have modifiers: It happened during the last examination.
During=preposition.
Examination=object.

Question 11

Adverbs answers what questions?

Answer 11

Adverbs: 
Answers the questions: 
How: he ran quickly. 
When: she left yesterday. 
Where: we went there.