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PUP Med Lists > Week 1 List--> Antibiotics and Contraceptives > Flashcards

Week 1 List--> Antibiotics and Contraceptives Flashcards

1
Q

What is the generic name for Vibramycin, Adoxa, and Monodox?

A

Doxycycline monohydrate or doxycycline hyclate

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2
Q

What is the common frequency for doxycycline?

A

q12–> Every 12 hours (twice daily)

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3
Q

What are the indications for doxycycline?

A

Tx of….
1. Respiratory Tract Infections (RTI)
2. Urinary Tract Infections (UTI)
3. Acne and skin infections
4. Sexually transmitted infections (STI)

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4
Q

List the important counseling tips for doxycycline.

A

Sun sensitivity
* Use sunscreens, avoid tanning beds

Take with food to prevent stomach upset.

Do not take food, vitamins, or medication containing Al++, Ca++, Fe++, Mg++, or Zn++ within *2 hours before or 2 hours *after taking doxy.

Though unlikely, doxy may decrease the effectiveness of oral contraceptives (OC).
* Use additional form of birth control (BC) during and 1 week after last dose

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4
Q

What is the generic name for Amoxil?

A

Amoxicillin

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5
Q

What are the common indications for amoxicillin?

A
  1. RTI
  2. UTI
  3. STI
  4. ENT infections
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5
Q

What is the generic form of Keflex?

A

Cephalexin

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5
Q

What is the common frequency(s) for amoxicillin?

A

q8h or q12h

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5
Q

List key counseling tips for amoxicillin.

A

Though unlikely, may decrease the effectiveness of oral contraceptive
* Use an additional form of BC during and 1 week after last dose

**Contradicted if penicillin allergy. **

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6
Q

What is a common frequency(s) for cephalexin?

A

q6h
q8h
q12h

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7
Q

What are the indications for cephalexin?

A

Tx of:
* RTI
* UTI
* ENT, skin, and bone infections

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8
Q

List key counseling tips for cephalexin!

A
  • Do not take vitamins or medications containing Zinc (Zn++) for at least 3 hours after cephalexin.
  • Contradicted if cephalosporin allergy
  • Caution if penicillin allergy.
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9
Q

What is the generic name for Zithromax, Z-Pak, and Tri-Pak?

A

Azithromycin

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10
Q

What is a common frequency for azithromycin?

A

Z-Pak: Two 250 mg tabs po on day 1, then 1 tab po days 2-5

q24h

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11
Q

What are the indications for azithromycin?

A
  • RTI
  • STI
  • ENT, skin, and eye infections
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12
Q

List some key counseling points for azithromycin.

A
  1. Do not take with Al++ or Mg++ containing antiacid
  2. Take with food to prevent upset stomach
  3. QTc prolongation occurs rarely, but possible interaction with many different medications.
  4. Contradicted if macrolide allergy
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13
Q

What is the generic name for Cipro or Ciloxan?

A

Ciprofloxacin

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14
Q

What is the frequency for ciprofloxacin?

A

q12h

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15
Q

What are the common indictations for ciprofloxacin?

A
  • STI, prostatitis
  • Skin, bone infections
  • Pneumonia
  • Complicated UTI, RTI, or abdominal infections
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16
Q

List key counseling points for ciprofloxacin.

A
  1. QTc prolongation occurs rarely, but possible interaction with many different medications
  2. Do not take food or medications containing Ca++, Fe++ within 2 hours before or 2 hours after ciprofloxacin
  3. Sun-sensitivity: use sunscreens, avoid tanning beds
  4. May increase caffeine sensitivity
  5. Contraindicated if fluoroquinolone allergy
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17
Q

What is the generic name for Bactrim-DS?

A

sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (SMZ-TMP)

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18
Q

What is a common frequency for Bactrim-DS?

A

q12h

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19
Q

What are common indications for Bactrim-DS?

A
  • UTI
  • RTI
  • HIV-associated infections
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20
Q

List key counseling points for Bactrim-DS.

A
  1. Sun-sensitivity: use sunscreens, avoid tanning beds
  2. Take with at least 8 oz water
  3. Contraindicated if sulfa allergy
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21
Q

What is the generic name for Macrobid or Macrodantin?

A

Nitrofurantoin

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22
Q

What is a common dosing frequency for nitrofurantoin?

A

q12h

23
Q

What is a common indication for nitrofurantoin?

A

Tx of UTI

24
Q

List key counseling points for nitrofurantoin.

A
  1. Orange or brown urine is expecred and not cause for concern
  2. Do not take food or medications containing Mg++ within 2 hours before or 2 hours after nitrofurantoin.
  3. Take with food/milk to increase absorption.
25
Q

What is the generic name for Flagyl?

A

Metronidazole

26
Q

What are common dosing frequencies for metronidazole?

A
  • q6h
  • q8h
  • q12h
27
Q

What are common indications for metronidazole?

A

Tx of:
* Abscess, infections of GI
* STI, Vaginosis

28
Q

List key counseling points for metronidazole.

A
  • Contradicted: Alcohol use during therapy and for 3 days following the last dose
  • Metallic taste in mouth
  • Headache common adverse effect
29
Q

Tri-phasics

What is the generic name for Ortho Tri-Cyclen, Tri-Sprintec, and Tri-ViLibra?

A

ethinyl estradiol/norgestimate

30
Q

What is the common dosing frequency for ethinyl estradiol/norgestimate?

A

One first phase tablet for 7 days, then one second phase tablet daily for 7 days, then one third phase tablet daily for 7 days, then one inactive tablet daily for 7 days

31
Q

What are common indications for ethinyl-estradiol norgestimate?

A
  • Oral Contraceptive
  • Acne
32
Q

What is ethinyl estradiol norgestimate’s claim to fame?

A

It mimics the natural menstrual cycle

33
Q

What are the common side effects for all estrogen/progestin medications?

A
  • Water retention (bloating, weight gain, breast tenderness)
  • Upset stomach/nausea
  • Headache

Non-FDA approved uses include:
* Regulation of menstrual cycle
* Lessen menstrual flow
* Reduce painful menses

Miss a dose?
* Take as soon as possible or with the next days’ dose; e.g., miss Monday, take 2 on Tuesday. If you miss 2 or more days, refer to package directions.

Specific to products containing ethinyl estradiol:
* Increase cardiovascular risk (DVT, PE, MI). Not recommended for those: +35 years old, smoker, or history of stroke/blood clots.

TIPS:
* If OC not started day 1 of menses, use additional non-drug form of contraception first week of therapy.
* Take same time each day for max effectiveness
* Some anti-convulsants [ex. divalproex, lamotrigine] may decrease the effectiveness of hormonal contraceptives and increase the chance of seizures.

34
Q

Iron Containing:

What is the generic name for Loestrin Fe, Junel Fe, and Microgestin Fe?

A

Ethinyl estradiol/norethindrone/ferrous fumarate

35
Q

What is the common dosing frequency for ethinyl estradiol/norethindrone/ferrous fumurate?

A

Take one active tablet for 21 days, then one iron tablet daily for 7 days.

36
Q

What are common indications for ethinyl estradiol/norethindrone/ferrous fumurate?

A
  • Oral contraceptive
  • Acne
37
Q

What is ethinyl estradiol/norethindrone/ferrous fumurate’s claim to fame?

A

It replaces the iron lost during menses.

38
Q

What is the generic name for Yaz, Loryna, and Jasmiel?

A

ethinyl estradiol/drospirenone

39
Q

What is the common dosing frequency for ethinyl estradiol/drospirenone?

A

One active tablet daily for 24 days, then one inactive tablet daily for 4 days.

40
Q

What are the common indications for ethinyl estradiol/drospirenone?

A
  • Oral Contraception
  • Acne
  • Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder
41
Q

What is ethinyl estradiol/drospirenone’s claim to fame?

A

Only 4 inactive days = shorter menstrual periods

42
Q

List key counseling points for ethinyl estradiol/drospirenone.

A
  1. None of the medications on this list protect.
  2. Drospirenone lessens the water retention/weight gain side effects of estrogen.
43
Q

What is the generic name of Xulane?

A

ethinyl estradiol/nolrelgestromin

44
Q

What is the common dosing frequency for ethinyl estradiol/nolrelgestromin?

A

Apply one new patch each week for 3 weeks then week 4 is patch free.

45
Q

What is the common indication for ethinyl estradiol/norelgestromin?

A
  • Contraception
46
Q

Describe the key counseling points for ethinyl estradiol/nolrelgestromin.

A
  • Same side effect profile as oral contraceptives but more common
  • Adhesive may cause skin rash/rotate sites
  • Do not cut patch
  • Apply to butt, upper torso, stomach, or upper arm
47
Q

What is the generic name for NuvaRing?

A

ethinyl estradiol/etonogestrel

48
Q

What is the common dosing frequency for ethinyl estradiol/etonogestrel?

A

Insert one ring into vagina on or before day 5 of the cycle and leave in for 3 weeks, then remove on week 4 and discard.

49
Q

What is a common indication for ethinyl estradiol/etonogestrel?

A

Contraception

50
Q

List some key counseling points for ethinyl estradiol/etonogestrel.

A
  1. If the ring falls out, rinse with cool water and re-insert within 3 hours.
  2. Don’t remove for intercourse
  3. Ring is a drug delivery device; not a barrier.
51
Q

What is the generic name for Depo-Provera?

A

medroxyprogesterone

52
Q

What is the common dosing frequency for medroxyprogesterone?

A

150 mg deep intramuscular injection in gluteal or deltoid muscle every 3 months.

53
Q

What are the common indications for medroxyprogesterone?

A
  • Contraception
  • Endometriosis pain, abnormal uterine bleeding, amenorrhea
54
Q

What is the claim for fame for medroxyprogesterone?

A

It does not contain estrogen

55
Q

List key counseling points for medroxyprogesterone.

A
  1. Nervousness
  2. Administration by healthcare profession
  3. Don’t use >2 years due to potential bone loss
  4. Spotting or absent menses may result
56
Q

What is the generic name for Plan B One-Step or EContra One-Step?

A

levonorgestrel (OTC)

57
Q

What is the common dosing frequency levonogesterol?

A

Take 1 tablet PO as soon as possible within 72 hours of unprotected sex.

58
Q

What is the indication for levonorgestrel?

A
  • Emergency post-coital contraception
59
Q
A

PUP Med Lists (3 decks)

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