Week 1 Lecture 1

Question 1

What is physiology ?

Answer 1

The study of all the mechanisms of how our body functions and how all of our systems are Inter grated to understand human body function to develop efficent and effective treatments

Question 2

Anatomy

Answer 2

The science pf body structures and their relationship
Dissection
Medical imaging

Question 3

Physiology

Answer 3

The science of body functions

Question 4

Chemical level

Answer 4

Atoms (small units of matter)
Eg carbon,hydrogen,oxygen,nitrogen
Molecules (2 or more atoms)
Eg glucose, amino acids, dna

Question 5

Cellular level

Answer 5

Cells are the basic structural and functional units of an organism
Specialised for specific functions
Eg muscle fibres, neurones, epithelial cells

Question 6

Tissue level

Answer 6

Tissues are groups of cells and surrounding material
Work together to perform a particular function
4 types

Question 7

Epithelial tissue

Answer 7

Covers body surfaces , lines hollow organs and cavities, form glands

Question 8

Connective tissue

Answer 8

Connects, supports and protects, distributing blood vessels

Question 9

Muscular tissue

Answer 9

Contracts to make body parts move

Question 10

Nervous tissue

Answer 10

Transmits information via nerve impulses

Question 11

Organ level

Answer 11

Organs are composed of 2 or more types of tissue
Organs have specific functions and recognisable shapes
Eg. Stomach, lungs,liver,heart,brain

Question 12

System level

Answer 12

A system consists of related organs that have a common function
Eg. Digestive system- GI tract, tongue, salivary glands, liver, pancreas
Organ may be part of more than one system
Eg pancreas is part of digestive and endocrine

Question 13

Organism level

Answer 13

All parts of our body functioning together

Question 14

Integumentary

Answer 14

Componentes = skin and associated structures eg hair, fingernails, sweat glands
Functions- protects body , regulate body temperature, sensation and insulation

Question 15

Skeletal

Answer 15

Components- bones joints, cartilage
Functions- support,protection and aids movement

Question 16

Muscular systems of the human body

Answer 16

Components - skeletal muscle tissue
Functions=body movement, posture, heat production

Question 17

Nervous systems of the human body

Answer 17

Components - brain, spinal cord, nerves, specialised organs
Functions- regulate body activity, detect and interpret changes

Question 18

Endocrine Systems of the human body

Answer 18

Components = hormone producing glands eg pineal, pituitary, thyroid
Functions=regulate body activity

Question 19

Cardiovascular systems of the human body

Answer 19

Components= heart, bloody vessels, blood
Functions= transport oxygen and nutrients, remove waste, regulation

Question 20

Lymphatic Systems of human body

Answer 20

Components = lymphatic fluid, spleen, thymus
Functions= return protiens and fluid to blood, transports lipids from GI tract , immune (B, T Cells)

Question 21

Respiratory system of the human body

Answer 21

Components = lungs, pharynx, trachea
function= transfer of oxygen and carbon dioxide, regulation of acid- base balance

Question 22

Digestive system of the human body

Answer 22

Components - GI tract, accessory organ eg liver, pancreas
Functions = physical and chemical digestion of food, nutrient absorption, waste elimination

Question 23

Urinary systems of the human body

Answer 23

Components = kidneys, ureter, bladder
Functions = produce, store and eliminate waste , regulate fluid balance

Question 24

Reproductive system of the human body

Answer 24

Components - gonads and associated organs
Functions = produce and store gametes, produce hormones

Question 25

Metabolism

Answer 25

Sum of all chemical processes in the body
- catabolism
-anabolism

Question 26

Responsiveness

Answer 26

Ability to detect and respond to change
Internal or external environment

Question 27

Movement

Answer 27

Motion at different levels
Sub-cellular(eg vesicles)
Cellular (immune cells)
Organs(stomach contraction)
Whole body (leg muscles)

Question 28

Growth

Answer 28

Increase body in size
Cell size,number
Inter-cell material

Question 29

Differentiation

Answer 29

Development of a cell from unspecialised to specialised
Stem cells

Question 30

Reproduction

Answer 30

Production of new cells through cell division
Formation of new cells fro tissue growth, repair or replacement
New individual