Reviion Flash Cards

Question 1

The gut wall is charteristically composed of how many anatomical layers?

Answer 1

4
Mucosa, submucosa and a double layer muscle layer

Question 2

Gastric acid (HCI) secretion

Answer 2

HCI secretion is inhibited by the hormone somatostatin
HCI secretion is situmulated by parasympathetic nervous system
HCI secretion is stimulated by gastric distnsion
HCI is secreted from the gastric parietal cell

Question 3

Comparing the jejunum to the ileum

Answer 3

Jejunum has a longer villi than the ileum
The ileum is longer than jejunum
The lumpen is widest in the jejunum due to increased size of food bolus

Question 4

How long does faecal matter spend in the colon (large intestine)

Answer 4

72 hours

Question 5

What is the primary stimulus for the RELAXATION of the ileo-caecal sphicter?

Answer 5

Distension of terminal ileum

Question 6

Which sphincter of the gastrointestinal tract contains skeletal muscle ?

Answer 6

External anal sphincter

Question 7

Absorbed nutrients from the gut first appear in the ………..?

Answer 7

Hepatic portal vein
Connects the gut to the liver

Question 8

The presence of food in the mouth causes what to happen?

Answer 8

Stimulation of the vagus nerve

Question 9

The capillary network of blood vessels within the gut wall is typically found in which layer?

Answer 9

Submucosa

Mucosa= find absorptive cells, sensory neurons
Serosa = connective tissue layer which surrounds h=the gut
Submucosa plexus =part of the entric nervous system
Myentric plexus

Question 10

Macronutrient is a stimulator of gastric acid secretion?

Answer 10

Protein= aa and peptide fragmentes are stimulators of gastric acid secretion via the hormone gastrin

Question 11

Mutations in the cystic fibrosis membrane transmembrane regulator (CFTR) is implication in cystic fibrosis. The main function of the CFTR is :

Answer 11

Chloride transport