Week 1 - Key Anatomical Terms and Axial Skeleton

Question 1

Axial skeleton

Answer 1

Cconsists of bones which lie around the body’s central axis; skull, bony thorax and vertebral column

Question 2

Appendicular skeleton

Answer 2

Consists of bones of the upper and lower limbs
(appendages) as well as how they connect to the axial skeleton; includes the pectoral girdle and pelvic girdle

Question 3

Articulation

Answer 3

A joint; a point of contact between 2 bones or cartilage and bone

Question 4

Anterior/Ventral

Answer 4

At or near the front of the body / towards the ‘belly’

Question 5

Posterior/Dorsal

Answer 5

At or near the back of the body / towards the ‘back’

Question 6

Medial

Answer 6

Towards the midline of the body

Question 7

Lateral

Answer 7

Away from the body

Question 8

Proximal

Answer 8

Closer to the attachment of a limb to the trunk; nearer to thepoint of origin

Question 9

Distal

Answer 9

Away from the attachment of a limb to the trunk; farther from the point of origin

Question 10

Superior

Answer 10

Towards the head; or something at a higher level on the body than the point of reference

Question 11

Interior

Answer 11

Towards the feet; or something at a lower level on the body than the point of reference

Question 12

Tuberosity

Answer 12

A large, round projection from the surface of a bone

Question 13

Trochanter

Answer 13

A large projection associated with femur only

Question 14

Epicondyle

Answer 14

A projection ‘above’ the condyle and serves as a place of attachment

Question 15

Crest

Answer 15

A noticeable “ridge” of bone

Question 16

Line

Answer 16

A long, narrow ridge-like structure

Question 17

Process

Answer 17

A projection or outgrowth from a bone

Question 18

Spine

Answer 18

A sharp and usually fair-sized process from a bone

Question 19

Tubercle

Answer 19

A rounded projection from the surface of the bone

Question 20

Head

Answer 20

A rounded projection supported by a neck

Question 21

Facet

Answer 21

A small, smooth, flat or shallow surface on a bone

Question 22

Condyle

Answer 22

A rounded protuberance at the end of a bone

Question 23

Ramus

Answer 23

A part of a bone that forms an angle with the main body of the bone

Question 24

Meatus

Answer 24

A passageway or short canal running through a bone

Question 25

Fossa

Answer 25

A furrow or shallow depression

Question 26

Groove

Answer 26

A furrow on the surface of the bne

Question 27

Fissure

Answer 27

A groove or narrow cleft-like opening

Question 28

Foramen

Answer 28

A hole or passageway through a bone

Question 29

Anatomical position

Answer 29

A description of any region or part of
the body in a specific stance - the body is upright, directly facing the observer, feet flat, and directed forward and the upper limbs are at the body’s sides with the palms facing forward

Question 30

Supine

Answer 30

Body is lying face up

Question 31

Prone

Answer 31

Body is lying face down

Question 32

Directional terms

Answer 32

Words used to describe the position of one body relative to another

Question 33

Depp

Answer 33

Away from the surface of the body

Question 34

Superficial

Answer 34

Close to the surface of the body

Question 35

Planes

Answer 35

Imaginary flat surfaces that pass through parts of the body

Question 36

Sections

Answer 36

Cuts along a certain plane

Question 37

Frontal (coronal) plane

Answer 37

Divides the body into front and back portions

Question 38

Transverse plane

Answer 38

Divides the body into superior (upper) and inferior (lower) portions

Question 39

Oblique plane

Answer 39

Passes through a structure or the entire body at an angle

Question 40

Sagittal plane

Answer 40

Divides a structure of body vertically into right or left portions

Question 41

Midsagittal plane

Answer 41

Divides a structure of body vertically into equal right or left portions