WEEK 1: Introduction Flashcards
The modern English word (**) is a descendant of the classical Latin sciēns, or scīre, meaning ‘to know’ (OED Online, 2016).
Science
Thinking or feeling, but without reasoning or evidence.
A. Intuition
B. Empiricism
C. Authority
D. Rationalism
Intuition
A highly respected source
A. Intuition
B. Empiricism
C. Authority
D. Rationalism
Authority
Logic and reasoning.
A. Intuition
B. Empiricism
C. Authority
D. Rationalism
Rationalism
Experience and observation.
A. Intuition
B. Empiricism
C. Authority
D. Rationalism
Empiricism
A reasoning process that involves going from the specific to the general. This is used when generalising from specific observations to general hypotheses or theory.
A. Inductive (induction)
B. Deductive (deduction)
Inductive (induction)
A reasoning process that involves going from the general to the specific. Involved in forming
hypotheses from theory.
A. Inductive (induction)
B. Deductive (deduction)
Deductive (deduction)
is the assumption that there must be an underlying uniformity or regularity in nature. In other words, there must be underlying relationships between some events in nature
A. Reality
B. Discoverability
C. Uniformity
Uniformity
in nature is the assumption that, to some extent, the events or objects we perceive with our senses must be real. We assume that the things we see, hear, smell, taste, and touch are real. Without this assumption, scientists cannot engage in any empirical research.
A. Reality
B. Discoverability
C. Uniformity
Reality
is the assumption that we can discover the regularities that exist in nature. In other words, we assume that we can observe real events and real objects in nature, and that we can discover the underlying relationships between them.
A. Reality
B. Discoverability
C. Uniformity
Discoverability
This relates to portraying the phenomenon accurately and focuses on characteristics and the degree to which they exist.
A. Prediction
B. Control
C. Description
D. Explanation
Description
Identifying the cause(s) of the phenomenon.
A. Prediction
B. Control
C. Description
D. Explanation
Explanation
Anticipating the outcome and the occurrence of an event and identifying risk factors of a phenomenon can help you to predict when it might happen.
A. Prediction
B. Control
C. Description
D. Explanation
Prediction
Relates to the manipulation of the conditions that determine a phenomenon. As you saw previously, there are different meanings of the word control.
A. Prediction
B. Control
C. Description
D. Explanation
Control
An approach that claims to be scientific, but in fact, violates many tenets of science.
A. Control
B. Authority
C. Research Bias
D. Pseudoscience
Pseudoscience
