Week 1 - Intro do Digital Technologies Flashcards
Define DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES
- Electronic tools, Systems, Devices that Generate, Store and Process Computerised Data and Turn Them into Useful Information or Perform Other Tasks for their Intended User
- Allow Us to Share Information, Communicate with Others, Perform Online Transactions, Monitor or Control Other Devices
Define the Difference between DATA and INFORMATION
DATA - Raw Observations or Records of Basic Facts and Events such as Business Transactions (e.g. Date, Day of Week), data usually Convey Less Meaning
INFORMATION : Data Processed in Order to be Meaningful to Human Beings and Useful in their Decision Making
Digital Technologies are Supported by 3 Types of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) , State the 3
- Computer Hardware (e.g. desktop computers, smartphones, etc.)
- Computer Software (e.g. an operating system, piece of accounting software, mobile app, etc)
- Telecommunication Facilities and Networks (e.g. your router connecting you to internet)
BASIC System Model of an IS
check image on powerpoint
State 5 Types of Data Processing
- Classification
- Rearranging / Sorting
- Summarising / Aggregating
- Performing Calculations
- Selection
Provide Examples of the 2 Types of Data Processing - CLASSIFICATION and REARRANGING/SORTING
CLASSIFICATION : e.g. Transaction Data may be Classified as Invoice Data, Payment Data, Order Data
REARRANGING / SORTING : e.g. Data on Employees May be Ordered According to Ascending Employee Number
Provide Examples of the 2 Types of Data Processing - SUMMARISING / AGGREGATING and PERFORMING CALCULATIONS
SUMMARISING / AGGREGATING : Employee Performance Data may be Aggregated to Arrive at a Summary of Performance per Department
PERFORMING CALCULATIONS : Data on Total Hours Worked by an Employee may be Multiplied by the Hourly Wage Rates to Arrive at a Gross Wage
Provide Examples of the 2 Types of Data Processing - SELECTION
Total Yearly Turnover Data on Customers may be Used to Select High-Spending Customers for Special Treatment by Sales Personnel
What is an INFORMATION SYSTEM?
a Set of Interrelated Components that Collect (or Retrieve) Process, Store and Distribute Information to Support Decision Making and Control in an Organisation
- Involve : people, standards and procedures, data and information resources, ICTs
- Managers Need to Take Into Account the Interdependence Between the Organisation and its Information Systems
- System Performance Optimised when Technology and Organisation Adjust to Each Other for Satisfactory Systems
Explain Digital Technologies as a Strategic Factor
for a particular organisation :
- might Provide Opportunities for a Firm to Innovate and Gain a Competitive Advantage Over Others
- Existing ICT Infrastructure may Limit Ability to Quickly Respond to Changing Requirements or Opportunities
for an entire business domain :
- can change the way business or conducted or create entirely new types of ‘digital’ businesses (e.g. Google, Facebook)
What are 2 Ways Different Types of IS can be Distinguished
- the Level of (Managerial) Decision Making they Support
- the Functional Area they are Used in
State the 3 LEVELS Of MANAGERIAL DECISION MAKING
- STRATEGIC
- TACTICAL
- OPERATIONAL
Explain the Level of Managerial Decision Making - STRATEGIC , 4
- Long Term Management group and company decisions
- Often Based on Unstructured Information, Condensed Information
- Analysis of ‘what-of’ Situations
- Wide Scope of Data
Explain the Level of Managerial Decision Making - TACTICAL , 3
- Medium Term Decisions
- Identifying Means of Implementing Group Decisions (how?)
- Project Management
Explain the Level of Managerial Decision Making - OPERATIONAL , 5
- Day-to-day Decisions
- Often uses Structured Information
- Immediate Results
- Narrow Scope of Data
- Highly Detailed
