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Anatomy and Physiology > Week 1: Human Body Orientation > Flashcards

Week 1: Human Body Orientation Flashcards

1
Q

What is the definition of abdominal?

A

pertaining to the anterior body trunk inferior to the ribs

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2
Q

What is the definition of abdominal cavity?

A

Part of the abdominopelvic cavity containing the stomach, liver, and intestines

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3
Q

What is the definition of abdominopelvic cavity?

A

the part of the ventral body cavity inferior to the diaphragm

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4
Q

What is the definition of acromial?

A

pertaining to the point of the shoulder

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5
Q

What is the definition of anatomical position?

A

reference point for regional and directional terminology: standing, feet parallel, palms facing forward

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6
Q

What is the definition of anatomy?

A

the science of the structure of living organisms

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7
Q

What is the definition of antebrachial?

A

pertaining to the forearm

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8
Q

What is the definition of antecubital?

A

anterior surface of the elbow

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9
Q

What is the definition of atmospheric pressure?

A

pressure pushing down on the body due to the weight of the atmosphere above the ground

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10
Q

What is the definition of atom?

A

the smallest part of an element, indivisible by the ordinary chemical means

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11
Q

What is the definition of axillary arteries?

A

bilateral arteries connecting the subclavian arteries to the brachial arteries

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12
Q

What is the definition of bone densitometry?

A

imaging technique diagnostic for osteoporosis, detects amount of calcium and minerals in the bone

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13
Q

What is the definition of brachial?

A

pertaining to the arm

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14
Q

What is the definition of buccal?

A

pertaining to the cheek

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15
Q

What is the definition of calcanea?

A

pertaining to the heel of the foot

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16
Q

What is the definition of cardiovascular system?

A

organ system that distributes blood to all parts of the body

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17
Q

What is the definition of carpal?

A

wrist (one of the bones in the wrist)

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18
Q

What is the definition of cell?

A

basic biological unit of living organism

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19
Q

What is the definition of cephalic?

A

pertaining to the head

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20
Q

What is the definition of cervical?

A

refers to the neck or the neckline portion of an organ or structure

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21
Q

What is the definition of control centre?

A

component of homeostatic control receiving sensory input and sending motor output

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22
Q

What is the definition of coronal structure?

A

interlocking joint formed at the intersection of the two parietal bones with the frontal bones; also called the frontal suture

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23
Q

What is the definition of coxal?

A

pertaining to the hip

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24
Q

What is the definition of cranial cavity?

A

the space inside the bony skull that houses the brain; part of the dorsal body cavity

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25
Q

What is the definition of crural?

A

pertaining to the anterior leg; shin

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26
Q

What is the definition of deltoid?

A

pertaining to the lateral curve of the shoulder formed by the large deltoid muscle

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27
Q

What is the definition of diaphragm?

A

(1) any partition or wall separating one area from another, (2) a muscle that separated the thoracic cavity from the abdominopelvic cavity

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28
Q

What is the definition of digestion?

A

the body process of breaking down foods chemically and mechanically

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29
Q

What is the definition of digestive cavity?

A

another term used to describe the digestive tract

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30
Q

What is the definition of digestive system?

A

system that processes food into absorbable units and eliminates indigestible wastes

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31
Q

What is the definition of digital?

A

pertaining to the digits; fingers, toes

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32
Q

What is the definition of dorsal body cavity?

A

body cavity housing the brain and spinal cord; composed of the cranial and spinal activities

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33
Q

What is the definition of effector?

A

an organ, gland, or muscle capable of being activated by nerve endings

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34
Q

What is the definition of endocrine glans?

A

ductless glands that empty their hormonal products directly into the blood

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35
Q

What is the definition of endocrine system?

A

body system that includes internal organs that secrete hormones

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36
Q

What is the definition of epigastric region?

A

the abdominal region superior to the umbilical region

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37
Q

What is the definition of excretion?

A

the elimination of waste products from the body

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38
Q

What is the definition of femoral?

A

pertaining to the thigh

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39
Q

What is the definition of fibular?

A

pertaining to he area of the fibula, the lateral bone of the leg

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40
Q

What is the definition of frontal?

A

pertaining to the forehead

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41
Q

What is the definition of gluteal?

A

buttock

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42
Q

What is the definition of homeostasis?

A

a state of dynamic body equilibrium or stable inter environment of the body

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43
Q

What is the definition of homeostatic imbalance?

A

a disturbance or change in homeostasis that effects function

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44
Q

What is the definition of hormones?

A

chemical messengers secreted by endocrine glands, responsible for regulatory effects on cells, tissues, or organs

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45
Q

What is the definition of hypogastric region?

A

abdominal region inferior to the umbilical region, also called the pubic regions

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46
Q

What is the definition of inguinal?

A

groin region

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47
Q

What is the definition of integumentary system?

A

skin

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48
Q

What is the definition of irritability?

A

ability to respond to a stimulus

49
Q

What is the definition of left hypochondriac region?

A

abdominal region flanking the epigastric region on the left side of the body

50
Q

What is the definition of left iliac (inguinal) region?

A

abdominal region to the left of the hypogastric region

51
Q

What is the definition of left lumbar region?

A

abdominal region later to the umbilical region on the left side of the body

52
Q

What is the definition of lumbar?

A

the portion of the back between the thorax and the pelvis; the loin

53
Q

What is the definition of lymphatic system?

A

the lymphatic vessels and the lymphoid tissues and organs, including lymph noes

54
Q

What is the definition of median section?

A

specific sagittal plane that lies exactly in the midline

55
Q

What is the definition of mediastinum?

A

the region of the thoracic cavity between the lungs that houses the heart

56
Q

What is the definition of mental?

A

chin

57
Q

What is the definition of metabolism?

A

the sum total of the chemical reactions that occur in the body

58
Q

What is the definition of middle ear cavity?

A

open cavity medial to the tympanic membrane containing tiny bones that transmit sound to the inner ear, sometimes called tympanic cavity

59
Q

What is the definition of movement?

A

actions generated by muscular system

60
Q

What is the definition of muscular system?

A

organ system consisting of skeletal muscles and their connective tissue attachments

61
Q

What is the definition of nasal?

A

nose

62
Q

What is the definition of nasal cavity?

A

open space inside and posterior to the nose; part of the respiratory passages

63
Q

What is the definition of negative feedback?

A

feedback that causes the stimulus to decline or end

64
Q

What is the definition of nervous system?

A

fast acting control system that employs nerve impulses to trigger muscle contraction or gland secretion

65
Q

What is the definition of normal body temperature?

A

approx. 37 degrees celsius

66
Q

What is the definition of nutrient?

A

chemical substance used by the body for normal growth, maintenance, and repair

67
Q

What is the definition of occipital?

A

the area at the back of the head

68
Q

What is the definition of olecranal?

A

posterior surface of the elbow

69
Q

What is the definition of oral?

A

mouth

70
Q

What is the definition of oral cavity?

A

the mouth; contains tongue and teeth

71
Q

What is the definition of orbital?

A

eye area

72
Q

What is the definition of orbital cavity?

A

anterior facial cavity that houses the eyeball; also called orbit

73
Q

What is the definition of organ?

A

a part of the body formed by two or more tissues that performs a specialized function

74
Q

What is the definition of organ system?

A

a group of organs that work together to perform vital body functions

75
Q

What is the definition of organism

A

an individual living thing

76
Q

What is the definition of patellar?

A

anterior knee

77
Q

What is the definition of pectoral

A

chest

78
Q

What is the definition of pelvic?

A

anterior area overlying the pelvis

79
Q

What is the definition of pelvic cavity?

A

part of the abdominopelvic cavity containing the reproductive organs, bladder, and rectum

80
Q

What is the definition of physiology?

A

the science of the functioning of living organisms

81
Q

What is the definition of plantar?

A

sole of the foot

82
Q

What is the definition of popliteal?

A

posterior knee

83
Q

What is the definition of positive feedback?

A

feedback that tends to cause a variable change in the seam direction as the initial changes; enhances the stimulus

84
Q

What is the definition of pubic?

A

genital region

85
Q

What is the definition of receptor?

A

(1) peripheral nerve ending specialized for response to particular types of stimulus (2) molecule that binds specifically with other molecules

86
Q

What is the definition of reproductive system?

A

organ system that functions to produce offspring

87
Q

What is the definition of respiratory system?

A

organ system that carries out gas exchange; includes the nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs

88
Q

What is the definition of responsiveness?

A

the ability to sense changes (stimuli) in the environment and then react to them

89
Q

What is the definition of right hypochondriac region?

A

abdominal region flanking the epigastric region on the right side of the body

90
Q

What is the definition of right iliac?

A

abdominal region to the right of the hypogastric region

91
Q

What is the definition of right lumbar region?

A

abdominal region later to the umbilical region on the right side of the body

92
Q

What is the definition of sacral?

A

the lower portion of the back, just superior to the buttocks at the base of the spine

93
Q

What is the definition of sagittal section?

A

a longitudinal (vertical) plane that divides the body or ay of its parts into the right and left portions

94
Q

What is the definition of scapular?

A

shoulder blade

95
Q

What is the definition of skeletal system?

A

system of protection and support composed primarily of bone and cartilage

96
Q

What is the definition of spinal cavity?

A

the space form the cranial cavity to the end of the spinal cord; part of the dorsal body cavity

97
Q

What is the definition of sternal?

A

breastbone area

98
Q

What is the definition of sural?

A

posterior leg; calf

99
Q

What is the definition of tarsal?

A

(1) one of the seven bones that form the ankle and heel (2) relation got the ankle

100
Q

What is the definition of thoracic?

A

refers to the area between the neck and abdomen supported by the ribs, costal cartilages, and sternum; chest

101
Q

What is the definition of thoracic cavity?

A

part of the ventral body cavity containing the heart and lungs

102
Q

What is the definition of tissue?

A

a group of similar cells specialized to perform a specific function; primary tissue types are epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous tissues

103
Q

What is the definition of transverse section?

A

plane that divides the body into superior and inferior parts

104
Q

What is the definition of umbilical region?

A

the centermost of the nine abdominal regions depression to the navel

105
Q

What is the definition of umbilical?

A

navel area

106
Q

What is the definition of urinary system?

A

system primarily responsible for water, electrolyte, and acid-base balance and removal of nitrogen-contianing wastes from the blood

107
Q

What is the definition of ventral body cavity?

A

large body cavity containing organs in the chest and abdominal areas; composed of the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities

108
Q

What is the definition of vertebral?

A

spine

109
Q

What is the definition of superior?

A

toward the head end or upper part of body; above

110
Q

What is the definition of inferior?

A

away from head or lower part of body; below

111
Q

What is the definition of anterior (ventral)?

A

toward or at the front of the body; in front of

112
Q

What is the definition of posterior (dorsal)?

A

toward or at the backside of the body; behind

113
Q

What is the definition of medial?

A

toward or at the midline of the body; on the inner side of

114
Q

What is the definition of lateral?

A

away from the midline of the body; on the outer side of

115
Q

What is the definition of intermediate?

A

between a more medial and a more lateral section

116
Q

What is the definition of proximal?

A

close to the origin of the body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk

117
Q

What is the definition of distal?

A

farther from the origin of a body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk

118
Q

What is the definition of superficial (external)

A

toward or at the body surface

119
Q

What is the definition of deep (internal)?

A

away from the body surface; more internal

Anatomy and Physiology (2 decks)

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