Week 1: Human Body Orientation Flashcards
(119 cards)
1
Q
What is the definition of abdominal?
A
pertaining to the anterior body trunk inferior to the ribs
2
Q
What is the definition of abdominal cavity?
A
Part of the abdominopelvic cavity containing the stomach, liver, and intestines
3
Q
What is the definition of abdominopelvic cavity?
A
the part of the ventral body cavity inferior to the diaphragm
4
Q
What is the definition of acromial?
A
pertaining to the point of the shoulder
5
Q
What is the definition of anatomical position?
A
reference point for regional and directional terminology: standing, feet parallel, palms facing forward
6
Q
What is the definition of anatomy?
A
the science of the structure of living organisms
7
Q
What is the definition of antebrachial?
A
pertaining to the forearm
8
Q
What is the definition of antecubital?
A
anterior surface of the elbow
9
Q
What is the definition of atmospheric pressure?
A
pressure pushing down on the body due to the weight of the atmosphere above the ground
10
Q
What is the definition of atom?
A
the smallest part of an element, indivisible by the ordinary chemical means
11
Q
What is the definition of axillary arteries?
A
bilateral arteries connecting the subclavian arteries to the brachial arteries
12
Q
What is the definition of bone densitometry?
A
imaging technique diagnostic for osteoporosis, detects amount of calcium and minerals in the bone
13
Q
What is the definition of brachial?
A
pertaining to the arm
14
Q
What is the definition of buccal?
A
pertaining to the cheek
15
Q
What is the definition of calcanea?
A
pertaining to the heel of the foot
16
Q
What is the definition of cardiovascular system?
A
organ system that distributes blood to all parts of the body
17
Q
What is the definition of carpal?
A
wrist (one of the bones in the wrist)
18
Q
What is the definition of cell?
A
basic biological unit of living organism
19
Q
What is the definition of cephalic?
A
pertaining to the head
20
Q
What is the definition of cervical?
A
refers to the neck or the neckline portion of an organ or structure
21
Q
What is the definition of control centre?
A
component of homeostatic control receiving sensory input and sending motor output
22
Q
What is the definition of coronal structure?
A
interlocking joint formed at the intersection of the two parietal bones with the frontal bones; also called the frontal suture
23
Q
What is the definition of coxal?
A
pertaining to the hip
24
Q
What is the definition of cranial cavity?
A
the space inside the bony skull that houses the brain; part of the dorsal body cavity
25
What is the definition of crural?
pertaining to the anterior leg; shin
26
What is the definition of deltoid?
pertaining to the lateral curve of the shoulder formed by the large deltoid muscle
27
What is the definition of diaphragm?
(1) any partition or wall separating one area from another, (2) a muscle that separated the thoracic cavity from the abdominopelvic cavity
28
What is the definition of digestion?
the body process of breaking down foods chemically and mechanically
29
What is the definition of digestive cavity?
another term used to describe the digestive tract
30
What is the definition of digestive system?
system that processes food into absorbable units and eliminates indigestible wastes
31
What is the definition of digital?
pertaining to the digits; fingers, toes
32
What is the definition of dorsal body cavity?
body cavity housing the brain and spinal cord; composed of the cranial and spinal activities
33
What is the definition of effector?
an organ, gland, or muscle capable of being activated by nerve endings
34
What is the definition of endocrine glans?
ductless glands that empty their hormonal products directly into the blood
35
What is the definition of endocrine system?
body system that includes internal organs that secrete hormones
36
What is the definition of epigastric region?
the abdominal region superior to the umbilical region
37
What is the definition of excretion?
the elimination of waste products from the body
38
What is the definition of femoral?
pertaining to the thigh
39
What is the definition of fibular?
pertaining to he area of the fibula, the lateral bone of the leg
40
What is the definition of frontal?
pertaining to the forehead
41
What is the definition of gluteal?
buttock
42
What is the definition of homeostasis?
a state of dynamic body equilibrium or stable inter environment of the body
43
What is the definition of homeostatic imbalance?
a disturbance or change in homeostasis that effects function
44
What is the definition of hormones?
chemical messengers secreted by endocrine glands, responsible for regulatory effects on cells, tissues, or organs
45
What is the definition of hypogastric region?
abdominal region inferior to the umbilical region, also called the pubic regions
46
What is the definition of inguinal?
groin region
47
What is the definition of integumentary system?
skin
48
What is the definition of irritability?
ability to respond to a stimulus
49
What is the definition of left hypochondriac region?
abdominal region flanking the epigastric region on the left side of the body
50
What is the definition of left iliac (inguinal) region?
abdominal region to the left of the hypogastric region
51
What is the definition of left lumbar region?
abdominal region later to the umbilical region on the left side of the body
52
What is the definition of lumbar?
the portion of the back between the thorax and the pelvis; the loin
53
What is the definition of lymphatic system?
the lymphatic vessels and the lymphoid tissues and organs, including lymph noes
54
What is the definition of median section?
specific sagittal plane that lies exactly in the midline
55
What is the definition of mediastinum?
the region of the thoracic cavity between the lungs that houses the heart
56
What is the definition of mental?
chin
57
What is the definition of metabolism?
the sum total of the chemical reactions that occur in the body
58
What is the definition of middle ear cavity?
open cavity medial to the tympanic membrane containing tiny bones that transmit sound to the inner ear, sometimes called tympanic cavity
59
What is the definition of movement?
actions generated by muscular system
60
What is the definition of muscular system?
organ system consisting of skeletal muscles and their connective tissue attachments
61
What is the definition of nasal?
nose
62
What is the definition of nasal cavity?
open space inside and posterior to the nose; part of the respiratory passages
63
What is the definition of negative feedback?
feedback that causes the stimulus to decline or end
64
What is the definition of nervous system?
fast acting control system that employs nerve impulses to trigger muscle contraction or gland secretion
65
What is the definition of normal body temperature?
approx. 37 degrees celsius
66
What is the definition of nutrient?
chemical substance used by the body for normal growth, maintenance, and repair
67
What is the definition of occipital?
the area at the back of the head
68
What is the definition of olecranal?
posterior surface of the elbow
69
What is the definition of oral?
mouth
70
What is the definition of oral cavity?
the mouth; contains tongue and teeth
71
What is the definition of orbital?
eye area
72
What is the definition of orbital cavity?
anterior facial cavity that houses the eyeball; also called orbit
73
What is the definition of organ?
a part of the body formed by two or more tissues that performs a specialized function
74
What is the definition of organ system?
a group of organs that work together to perform vital body functions
75
What is the definition of organism
an individual living thing
76
What is the definition of patellar?
anterior knee
77
What is the definition of pectoral
chest
78
What is the definition of pelvic?
anterior area overlying the pelvis
79
What is the definition of pelvic cavity?
part of the abdominopelvic cavity containing the reproductive organs, bladder, and rectum
80
What is the definition of physiology?
the science of the functioning of living organisms
81
What is the definition of plantar?
sole of the foot
82
What is the definition of popliteal?
posterior knee
83
What is the definition of positive feedback?
feedback that tends to cause a variable change in the seam direction as the initial changes; enhances the stimulus
84
What is the definition of pubic?
genital region
85
What is the definition of receptor?
(1) peripheral nerve ending specialized for response to particular types of stimulus (2) molecule that binds specifically with other molecules
86
What is the definition of reproductive system?
organ system that functions to produce offspring
87
What is the definition of respiratory system?
organ system that carries out gas exchange; includes the nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs
88
What is the definition of responsiveness?
the ability to sense changes (stimuli) in the environment and then react to them
89
What is the definition of right hypochondriac region?
abdominal region flanking the epigastric region on the right side of the body
90
What is the definition of right iliac?
abdominal region to the right of the hypogastric region
91
What is the definition of right lumbar region?
abdominal region later to the umbilical region on the right side of the body
92
What is the definition of sacral?
the lower portion of the back, just superior to the buttocks at the base of the spine
93
What is the definition of sagittal section?
a longitudinal (vertical) plane that divides the body or ay of its parts into the right and left portions
94
What is the definition of scapular?
shoulder blade
95
What is the definition of skeletal system?
system of protection and support composed primarily of bone and cartilage
96
What is the definition of spinal cavity?
the space form the cranial cavity to the end of the spinal cord; part of the dorsal body cavity
97
What is the definition of sternal?
breastbone area
98
What is the definition of sural?
posterior leg; calf
99
What is the definition of tarsal?
(1) one of the seven bones that form the ankle and heel (2) relation got the ankle
100
What is the definition of thoracic?
refers to the area between the neck and abdomen supported by the ribs, costal cartilages, and sternum; chest
101
What is the definition of thoracic cavity?
part of the ventral body cavity containing the heart and lungs
102
What is the definition of tissue?
a group of similar cells specialized to perform a specific function; primary tissue types are epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous tissues
103
What is the definition of transverse section?
plane that divides the body into superior and inferior parts
104
What is the definition of umbilical region?
the centermost of the nine abdominal regions depression to the navel
105
What is the definition of umbilical?
navel area
106
What is the definition of urinary system?
system primarily responsible for water, electrolyte, and acid-base balance and removal of nitrogen-contianing wastes from the blood
107
What is the definition of ventral body cavity?
large body cavity containing organs in the chest and abdominal areas; composed of the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities
108
What is the definition of vertebral?
spine
109
What is the definition of superior?
toward the head end or upper part of body; above
110
What is the definition of inferior?
away from head or lower part of body; below
111
What is the definition of anterior (ventral)?
toward or at the front of the body; in front of
112
What is the definition of posterior (dorsal)?
toward or at the backside of the body; behind
113
What is the definition of medial?
toward or at the midline of the body; on the inner side of
114
What is the definition of lateral?
away from the midline of the body; on the outer side of
115
What is the definition of intermediate?
between a more medial and a more lateral section
116
What is the definition of proximal?
close to the origin of the body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk
117
What is the definition of distal?
farther from the origin of a body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk
118
What is the definition of superficial (external)
toward or at the body surface
119
What is the definition of deep (internal)?
away from the body surface; more internal
