Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

E 1.3: Histology, Anatomy, Pathology, and Infectious Diseases Lab > Week 1: Histology > Flashcards

Week 1: Histology Flashcards

1
Q

Name the organ seen here

A

Spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Identify the vertebral level of the organ seen here

A

Thoracic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Name the region of the organ indicated by marker #1 and what cells are located here

A

Dorsal horn and sensory neuron (axons)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Name the cells indicated by marker #2

A

Somatic motor neuron (cell bodies)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Name the embryonic germ layer origin of the cells indicated by marker #2 and #4

A

Neurectoderm / Neural tube

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Name the 4 neurons that arise from neurectoderm / neural tube

A
  • Somatic motor neurons
  • Preganglionic visceral motor neurons
  • Interneurons
  • Cranial sensory neurons
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Name the 3 neurons that arise from neural crest

A
  • Post cranial sensory neurons (those whose cell bodies are located in the dorsal root ganglia)
  • Postganglionic visceral motor neurons (Chromaffin cells of adrenal medulla are in this category)
  • Enteric Neurons
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Name the type of cell indicated by marker #3

A

Glial cell (oligodendrocyte)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Name the type of cell indicated by marker #3

A

Glial Cell (oligodendrocyte)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Name the layer of the embryonic neural tube that contains the precursors that give rise to the cell type indicated by marker #3

A

Ventricular zone/layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Name the region of the organ indicated by marker #2 and #4

A

Ventral horn

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Name the region (plate) of the embryonic neural tube that gives rise to the cell types within the area indicated by marker #2 and #4.

A

Basal plate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Name the area/region indicated by marker #5

A

Central canal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Name the cells that line the area/region indicated by marker #5

A

Ependymal cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Name the fluid that circulates in the area/region indicated by marker #5

A

Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Name the structure and function of the structure indicated by marker #1

A

Choroid plexus and produce CSF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Name 2 locations in the vertebral column where the product of the structure indicated by marker #1 would be found

A
  • Central canal
  • Subarachnoid space
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Name the most likely location of the structure indicated by marker #1

A

4th ventricle roof

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Name the organ seen dorsally to the structure indicated by marker #1

A

Cerebellum

means “mini cerebrum” in latin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Name the opening(s) through which product from the structure indicated by marker #1 most likely exits to the subarachnoid space

A
  • 2 lateral aperatures (foramina of Luschka)
  • Median aperature (foramen of Magendie)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Name the region and a function of the organ seen here

A

Cerebral cortex and higher congitive functions like memory, language, reasoning, decision-making, intelligence, etc.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Name the embryonic brain secondary vesicle from which this region develops

A

Telencephalon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Name the cells of the cerebral cortex indicated by markers #1-3. Be specific

A

Pyramidal neurons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is the function of the cells of the cerebral cortex indicated by markers #1-3

A

Primary excitatory neurons for higher cognitive functions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What are the 3 primary brain vesicles and when do they develop?
* Prosencephalon * Mesencephalon * Rhombencephalon
26
What are the 5 secondary brain vesicles, what primary vesicle do they arise from, and when do they develop?
* Telencephalon * Diencephalon * Mesencephalon * Metencephalon * Myelencephalon
27
What 3 brain structures arise from the telencephalon?
* Cerebral hemispheres * Basal ganglia * Lateral Ventricles
28
**What 5 brain structures arise from the diencephalon?**
* Thalamus * Epithalamus * Hypothalamus and **Posterior Pituitary** * Retina * 3rd Ventricle
29
What 2 brain structures arise from the mesencephalon?
* Midbrain (tectum and tegmentum) * Cerebral aqueduct (of Sylvius)
30
What 3 brain structures arise from the metencephalon?
* Pons * Cerebellum * Top 3/4 of 4th ventricle
31
What 2 brain structures arise from the myelencephalon?
* Medulla oblongata * Lower 1/4 of 4th ventricle
32
Name the layer indicated by arrow A
Dura mater
33
Name the tissue of the layer indicated by arrow A
DICT
34
Name the layer indicated by arrow B
Arachnoid mater
35
Name the area/space indicated by letter D
Subarachnoid space
36
What 2 things are located in the area/space indicated by letter D
* Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) * Blood vessels
37
Name the layer indicated by arrow C
Pia Mater ## Footnote Note the pia mater is one cell layer thick like the endothelium of a blood vessel
38
Name the tissue of the layer indicated by arrows B and C
LCT
39
Layers B and C are referred to collectively as
Leptomeninges
40
Identify the structure seen on the left that connects structures B and C in area/space D
Arachnoid trabeculation
41
Name the region of the brain seen here
Cerebellum
42
What region (plate) of the embryonic neural tube is the sole contributor to this organ?
Alar plate
43
Name a common clinical sign associated with disorders of this brain region?
Ataxia
44
Name the layer indicated by marker A
Granular layer
45
Name the cells in the sublayer indicated by marker B
Purkinje cells
46
Name the layer indicated by marker C
Molecular layer
47
Name the structure seen here
Choroid plexus
48
Name the ventricular locations of the structures seen here
* Lateral ventricles * 3rd ventricles * 4th ventricles
49
Name the 3 components that comprose the structure seen here
* Pia Mater * Ependymal cells * Capillaries (blood vessels)
50
**Name the cells of this structure indicated by the arrows**
Ependymal cells
51
Name a condition that might result from overproduction of the product of the cells indicated by the arrows
Hydrocephalus
52
Name the cells seen here and the stain used to isolate them
Glial cells (astrocytes) and Silver Stain
53
Name a function of the cells seen here
* Neuronal support * Cell signaling * Modulate the rate of nerve signal propagation * Modulating synaptic action by controlling the uptake of neurotransmitters * Providing a scaffold for some aspects of neural development * Etc.
54
Name the marker that these cells express
Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP) - an astrocyte marker
55
**Name the region indicated by marker #2. Be specific**
White matter of cerebral cortex
56
**Name the region indicated by marker #3. Be specific**
Gray matter of cerebral cortex
57
CSF exits the ventricles associated with this brain region by what opening(s)
Interventricular foramina (of Monro)
58
Name a disorder associated with defective migration of the cells in the region indicated by marker #3
Lissencephaly / Pachygyria
59
Name the layer associated with marker #1
Pia mater
60
Name the layer associated with marker #1
Pia mater
61
Name the region indicated by marker #3. Be specific
Gray matter of cerebral cortex
62
Name the layer indicated by marker #1
Dura mater
63
**Name the layer indicated by marker #2**
Arachnoid mater
64
Name the organ seen here
Spinal cord
65
Identify the vertebral level of the organ seen here with one reason of support
Lumbar and large ventral horns for lower limb muscles and white matter tracts still somewhat prominent indicating we are not at the terminal spinal cord
66
Identify the nervous structure indicated with marker #1
Anterior spinal commissure
67
Identify the structure indicated by marker #2
Ventral Root
68
Identify the structure indicated by marker #1
Dorsal root
69
Identify the structure indicated by marker #2
Dorsal root ganglia (DRG)
70
**Identify the structure**
Neuron
71
Identify the vertebral level of the organ seen here with one reason of support
Cervical and large ventral horns for brachial plexus
72
Identify the vertebral level of the organ seen here with one reason of support
Thoracic and the presence of lateral horns (T1-L2) without large ventral horns that would be needed for the limb muscles at the cervical or lumbar level
73
Identify the vertebral level of the organ seen here with one reason of support
Lumbar and large ventral horns for lower limb muscles and white matter tracts still somewhat prominent indicating we are not at the terminal spinal cord
74
Identify the vertebral level of the organ seen here with one reason of support
Sacral and large ventral horns for lower limb muscles and white matter tracts are almost gone indicating we are at the terminal spinal cord
75
Identify the vertebral level of the organ seen here with one reason of support
Thoracic and the presence of lateral horns (T1-L2) without large ventral horns that would be needed for the limb muscles at the cervical or lumbar level

E 1.3: Histology, Anatomy, Pathology, and Infectious Diseases Lab (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions