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Chemistry I > Week 1 Gen/Org Chem > Flashcards

Week 1 Gen/Org Chem Flashcards

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1
Q

How many significant figures? 222 ? 0.0123 ? 0.2050 ?

A

222= 3 0.0123=3 ( leading 0 are not significant) 0.2050=4 (Trailing 0 in a # w/ a decimal are significant)

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2
Q

0.0000000005 Scientific Notation

A

5 x 10-10

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3
Q

42 Celsius = what in Farhenheit?

A

F= 9/5 (42) +32 or F= 1.8 (42) +32 Answer : 107.6

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4
Q

96 Farhenheit = What in Celsius?

A

C= 0.556 x (F-32) or C=5/9 (F-32) Answer: 35.58

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5
Q

Absolute zero is ?

A

-273.15 celcius or 0 Kelvin

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6
Q

Hetero/Homo Pure/Mixture A glass of water with ice cubes in it?

A

Hetero pure

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7
Q

Hetero/Homo Pure/Mixture Chicken noodle soup

A

Hetero mixture

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8
Q

Homemade sweetened ice tea with sugar?

A

Homo Mixture (single phase liquid, but has sugar in it)

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9
Q

Vodka only in a glass

A

Homo Pure

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10
Q

A pure substance containing only 1 atom

A

Element

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11
Q

The smallest unit of an element

A

Atom

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12
Q

On the periodic table the element carbon C has 2 numbers associated with it what are they?

A

Atomic Mass and Atomic number

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13
Q

The atomic number represents what?

A

The number of protons

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14
Q

The atomic mass represents?

A

The number of protons and neutrons together

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15
Q

An atom with the same number of protons but having more number of neutrons is called a ?

A

Isotope

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16
Q

The strongest chemical bond is ?

A

Covalent

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17
Q

Covalent bonds are a _______ of electrons?

A

Sharing of a pair

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18
Q

All atoms except _____ and _____ fill the outer layer of electrons with an octet

A

Hydrogen and Helium

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19
Q

NaCl has what type of bond?

A

Ionic Bond

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20
Q

_______ _________ result form the transfer of electrons from one atom to another leaving atoms with + and - charges to attract one another

A

Ionic Bond

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21
Q

Non-covalent bonds consist of:

A

Ionic bonds Hydrogen Bonds Hydrophobic bonds London dispersion forces Keesom forces

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22
Q

Hydrogen bonds?

A

A weak electrostatic interaction between a hydrogen atom and 2 electronegative atoms

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23
Q

London dispersion forces

A

Very weak interactions occuring between electrically neutral molecules at close range

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24
Q

IA ( far left column) are in what family?

A

Alkaline Metals

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25
Q

Noble gasses are which family?

A

VIII far Right column

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26
Q

Physical properties of non-metals are observed at ?

A

Room temperature

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27
Q

What is Avagadro’s number?

A

6.022 x 1023

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28
Q

One mole of a substance is called a _______ and has units of _______

A

Molar Mass and has units of g/mol

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29
Q

How many moles are in 75 g of NaCl?

A

Na mass= 23, Cl mass=35 23+35=58 75/58 = 1.293 g/mole 1.293 moles in 75 g of NaCl

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30
Q

Polyatomic Ion ?

A

contains atoms covalently bonded but retain their identity within the compound

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31
Q

Ammonium

A

NH4+

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32
Q

Hydronium

A

H3O+

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33
Q

acetate

A

C2H3O2-

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34
Q

Hydrogen carbonate (bicarb)

A

HCO3-

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35
Q

Hydroxide

A

OH-

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36
Q

Nitrate

A

NO3-

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37
Q

carbonate

A

CO32-

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38
Q

Reduction

A

Neutral Cl2 + 2e- = 2Cl- When a reactant gains electrons and becomes more negative. (+) or a neutral to a (-) = Reduction

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39
Q

Peroxide

A

O2 2-

40
Q

Sulfate

A

SO4 2-

41
Q

Phosphate

A

PO4 3-

42
Q

Oxidation

A

Neutral atom (Na) to Na+ (+) e- when the reactant loses electrons and becomes more positive. (-) or neutral to a (+) = Oxidation

43
Q

Le Chatelier’s Principle

A

Any stress placed on an equilibrium system will cause the system to shift to minimize the effect of the stress

44
Q

A functional group is?

A

A set of atoms bonded together in a specific way

45
Q

Functional groups define______ and _______ of the compound?

A

chemical and physical properties

46
Q

Aromatics are made up of a ______ ring?

A

Benzene

47
Q

Alkynes are a _____ bond?

A

triple

48
Q

Alkanes are a _____ bond?

A

single

49
Q

Alkenes are a _____ bond?

A

double

50
Q
A

ALKENE

51
Q
A

ALKYNES

52
Q
A

ALCOHOL

53
Q
A

ETHER

54
Q
A

AMINE

55
Q
A

ALDEHYDE

56
Q
A

KETONE

57
Q
A

CARBOXYLIC ACID

58
Q
A

ESTER

59
Q
A

AMIDE

60
Q
A

PHENOL

61
Q
A

AROMATIC

62
Q

METH

ETH

PROP

A

1

2

3

63
Q

BUT

PENT

HEX

A

4

5

6

64
Q

HEPT

OCT

NAN

DEC

A

7

8

9

10

65
Q
A
66
Q
A
67
Q
A
68
Q
A

ETHENE

69
Q
A

ETHYNE

70
Q

R-X ( The x implies what?)

A

A Halogen is attached

71
Q
A

Halothane

72
Q

What is

CH3-CH3-OH

A

EHTHANOL

73
Q

What is

CH3-CH2-CH2-OH

A

PROPANOL

74
Q
A
75
Q
A

DESFLURANE

76
Q
A

SEVOFLURANE

77
Q
A

ISOFLURANE

78
Q
A

ENFLURANE

79
Q
A

AMINE

80
Q
A

KETON

81
Q
A

ALDEHYDE

82
Q
A

CARBOXYLIC ACID

83
Q
A

ESTER

84
Q
A

AMIDE

85
Q
A
86
Q
A
87
Q

Geometric Isomer

A

a subset of isomers that have atoms connected by the same sequence of bonds but are different in the 3 demensional space

(Cis and Trans)

88
Q

Stereoisomers

A

Isomer that containes a chiral center

(A carbon with 4 different groups attached)

89
Q

Chirality

A

Mirror images that are not superimposable

90
Q

Enantiomer

A

a steroisomer that exists as a non-superimposible mirror image

91
Q

Enantiomers have the same_____, _____, ______ ?

A

boiling point, melting point, density

92
Q

Which is usually more potent Dextrarotatory or Levorotatory?

A

Levorotatory

93
Q

Racemic mixture is

A

50% levo and 50% Detra

94
Q

Dextrarotarory rotates light to the ?

A

Right

95
Q

Rectus decreases to the ?

A

Right or clockwise

96
Q

Sinister decreases to the ?

A

Left or counter-clockwise

Chemistry I (6 decks)

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