Week 1 - Expression of a gene

Question 1

What does the enhancer/promotor gene initiate?

Answer 1

The process of expression

Question 2

What happens when DNA for the section of structural gene unravels?

Answer 2

3. exposed DNA attracts messenger RNA which forms a strand until reaching another enhancer/promoter gene that signals the end of the structural gene

Question 3

How is mRNA different than DNA?

Answer 3

It has uracil instead of thymine

Question 4

What happens after the DNA attracts mRNA, thereby, forming a strand until reaching another enhancer/promoter gene that signals the end of the structural gene?

Answer 4

mRNA goes to a ribosome in the cytoplasm of the cell

Question 5

What happens after the mRNA goes to a ribosome in the cytoplasm of the cell?

Answer 5

The ribosome moves along the mRNA and transcribes the genetic code

Question 6

What is a codon

Answer 6

Each group of 3 consecutive nucleotides

Question 7

What does a codon do?

Answer 7

Instructs the ribosome which of 20 amino acids to add to the protein it is constructing

Question 8

What happens once the ribosome moves along the mRNA and transcribes the genetic code?

Answer 8

As the ribosome reads the mRNA it attracts transfer RNA attached to an amino acid

Question 9

What is the last step in the expression of gene?

Answer 9

8. ribosome reads codon after codon and adds amino acid after amino acid until it reaches another enhancer/promoter gene that signals the end of the structural gene
   - the completed protein is then released into the cytoplasm

Question 10

What happens once the protein is completed?

Answer 10

It is released into the cytoplasm