Week 1 - Community Health Assessment Flashcards
Community
“community of place” or geographic boundaries
it is a cluster of people that share at least one common characteristics (i.e. geographic location, ethnicity)
Interdependence of subsystems create a community
Members of community gain social and personal identity within the community by…
sharing common beliefs, values, and norms made in the past and that can be modified in the future
WHO Definition of Community
A group of people living in defined geographical areas commonly who may share common cultural values and norms and are arranged in a social structure of relationships. The community develops over a period of time.
How are Binghamton University Students a “Community”
It is a cluster of people sharing characteristics
There are interdependent subsystems within this community that the students rely on - police, faculty, health services, staff, etc
Community Health
The meeting of collective needs by identifying problems and managing interactions within the community and between the community and the larger society
Why is community health so important
if you live in an unhealthy community then there are poor health outcomes for people
What are the 2 health outcomes we look at in the US to determine community health?
Morbidity and mortality - specifically death rates and we ask why did someone die and did they die sooner than expected
Mortality
number of people who die in a population
true measure of health of a community
What may a health community look like
low crime rate
quality schools
strong family life
robust economy with plenty of jobs available
high environmental quality (clean air, water)
accessible and quality health services
civic involvement
good transportation
wide variety of leisure activities
What are the 4 goals for Community Health in HP 2020
- Attain high quality, longer lives free from preventable disease, disability, injury and premature death
- Achieve health equity, eliminate disparity, and improve health of all groups
- Create social and physical environments that promote good health for all
- Promote quality of life, healthy development, and healthy behaviors across all life stages
Community Health Assessment
the act of becoming acquainted with a community and their health status, needs, and available resources
it is a logical systematic approach to ID community needs, clarify problems, and ID community strengths and resources
it will identify where better information is needed such as health disparities
What is the goal of a community health assessment
to describe the needs of a community and then develop strategies to address those needs
What is the basis for all local public health planning? How does it help?
Community Health Assessment
It helps planners interact and identify key community leaders, concerned residents, and organizations on priorities and needs
What are some motivations beyond better community health for doing a community health assessment?
The law requires counties to do one every 3-4 years for funding reasons
The affordable care act makes non profit hospitals also do one every 3 years
Each county has to do one
What is the principal challenge for nurses performing a community health assessment?
Gaining entry and acceptance into a community (to gather that information that is needed)
Why is it so important as nurses to do a community health assessment?
ANA code of ethics mandates that nurses engage with others within ethical, supportive and civil relationships, and emphasizes the importance of communication and collaboration in the health care environment
Basically, communication and collaboration are important skills for nurses to use in order to care for community health and promote health in patients
What is subjective data at the community level?
Qualitative data
things you observe / observations from a windshield survey using the 5 senses
What is objective data at the community level?
Quantitative data
statistics and numbers and data
What is the Core of the Community as partners wheel?
The core is the people, their history, demographics, ethnicity, values, and beliefs
it tells you what the people of the county are like according to these things
What are the 8 subsystems of the community as partner wheel?
Physical Environment
Education
Safety and Transportation
Politics and Government
Health and Social Services
Communication
Economics
Recreation
The 5 Components of Community Data Analysis
- What is the community’s perception of the chosen health issue
- Describe the health problem in detail
- State specific significance and relevance to the affected community and the implications on nursing
- ID groups in the community at risk
- State the problem as a community health nursing diagnosis
Community Gaps
things that the community is lacking or weak in that can lead to health issues
What is the principal challenge for nurses performing community health assessments?
Trust - gaining trust and entry and acceptance into a community once we ID a problem
What does a CHA long term goal look like
broad not too specific but what you want to see at the end
long term outcome
What do CHA objectives look like
SMART!
What are the parts of a CHA Community Diagnosis
1 Diagnosis (NOT NANDA)
- Among … (insert affected group and location)
- Related To … (insert etiology)
- As manifested by … (insert S/S)
ex: Severe senioritis AMONG senior level undergrad students between the ages of 20-25 at BU RELATED TO upcoming graduation, lack of class attendance, recreational activities AS MANIFESTED BY 92% diagnosed with senioritis by a primary care physician, general poor hygiene, and increase in students asking why does this matter, 1 out of 3 skip more than one class per week, overall class attendance dropped by 40% as compared to junior year, 99% prefer hanging out with friends instead of faculty
