Week 1: Community Health Flashcards
A nurse is analyzing how power imbalances contribute to health inequities. Which theoretical perspective best supports this analysis?
A. Critical social theory
B. Biomedical theory
C. Behavioral theory
D. Systems theory
E. Holistic theory
Answer: A
Rationale: Critical social theory examines power imbalances and systemic oppression to advocate for social change and equity.
Which Ottawa Charter strategy involves educating individuals about healthy behaviors?
A. Building healthy public policy.
B. Creating supportive environments.
C. Strengthening community actions.
D. Developing personal skills.
E. Reorienting health services.
Answer: D
Rationale: Developing personal skills focuses on educating individuals to improve their knowledge and behaviors for better health.
A nurse is working on poverty reduction as part of their community health promotion efforts. Which strategy aligns with this goal?
A. Advocating for policies that increase the minimum wage.
B. Providing immediate medical care to underserved individuals.
C. Encouraging patients to rely on family support systems.
D. Developing health education programs for affluent communities.
E. Promoting healthcare access for insured individuals only.
Answer: A
Rationale: Advocating for systemic changes, such as increasing wages, addresses root causes of poverty and improves health outcomes.
Which of the following is an example of marginalization in healthcare?
A. Providing resources to rural communities.
B. Dismissing patients’ cultural beliefs during treatment planning.
C. Ensuring equitable access to healthcare services.
D. Establishing health programs in underserved areas.
E. Including diverse perspectives in healthcare leadership.
Answer: B
Rationale: Marginalization occurs when cultural or social beliefs are ignored, leading to exclusion and inequitable care.
How can a nurse best incorporate cultural safety into their practice?
A. Reflecting on their biases and addressing institutional discrimination.
B. Assuming all patients have similar cultural needs.
C. Encouraging patients to adopt Western health practices exclusively.
D. Limiting discussions about culture to avoid conflicts.
E. Standardizing care plans without cultural considerations.
Answer: A
Rationale: Cultural safety involves self-reflection and addressing systemic discrimination to provide respectful and inclusive care.
Which level of influence in the Social-Ecological Model focuses on provincial and federal policies?
A. Individual
B. Interpersonal
C. Community
D. Institutions
E. Society
Answer: E
Rationale: The societal level includes laws and policies at provincial and federal levels that shape health outcomes.
Which action by a nurse demonstrates an understanding of social justice in healthcare?
A. Addressing inequities in access to mental health services.
B. Offering identical resources to all patients regardless of need.
C. Avoiding advocacy efforts to maintain neutrality.
D. Encouraging patients to conform to healthcare norms.
E. Relying solely on medical protocols without considering patient circumstances.
Answer: A
Rationale: Social justice involves addressing systemic inequities to ensure fair access to health resources and services.
What is the primary focus of health promotion as defined in community health nursing?
A. Enabling people to take control of and improve their health.
B. Treating diseases at the earliest stages.
C. Reducing healthcare costs for the population.
D. Establishing strict health guidelines for individuals.
E. Managing acute healthcare crises.
Answer: A
Rationale: Health promotion empowers individuals and communities to enhance control over factors that affect their health.
A nurse is addressing marginalization in a healthcare setting. Which strategy best aligns with addressing systemic issues?
A. Providing equal resources to all patients.
B. Identifying and eliminating systemic barriers to care.
C. Avoiding conversations about marginalization to maintain harmony.
D. Encouraging individuals to adapt to dominant cultural norms.
E. Limiting care to acute health concerns only.
Answer: B
Rationale: Addressing systemic barriers promotes equitable access to healthcare and reduces the effects of marginalization.
How can a nurse address health equity in their community?
A. Developing health programs tailored to underserved populations.
B. Standardizing all care to ensure uniformity.
C. Prioritizing resource allocation to affluent areas.
D. Encouraging patients to adapt to existing healthcare structures.
E. Avoiding discussions about social disparities during care.
Answer: A
Rationale: Health equity focuses on creating tailored solutions to reduce disparities and improve health outcomes for marginalized populations.
Which factor is an example of a social determinant of health?
A. A patient’s access to healthcare facilities.
B. The presence of rare genetic conditions.
C. A community’s proximity to a recreational park.
D. A patient’s blood pressure level.
E. A community’s average temperature
Answer: A
Rationale: Access to healthcare services is a key social determinant of health, affecting individuals’ ability to achieve optimal health.
A community health nurse is using the Ottawa Charter strategies to improve community health. Which intervention best represents “strengthening community actions”?
A. Establishing culturally inclusive health services.
B. Implementing policies to improve public transportation access.
C. Educating individuals on managing chronic illnesses.
D. Organizing community forums to address local health issues.
E. Providing financial resources to individuals for healthcare access.
Answer: D
Rationale: Strengthening community actions involves empowering communities to take collective action on health issues.
A nurse aims to address health inequalities by implementing a “life course approach.” Which strategy best reflects this approach?
A. Providing prenatal care and nutrition support for pregnant individuals.
B. Offering short-term assistance during healthcare crises.
C. Targeting only the most disadvantaged groups in a community.
D. Focusing on workplace health programs for middle-aged adults.
E. Implementing tax incentives for healthcare providers.
Answer: A
Rationale: The life course approach considers vulnerabilities and opportunities across an individual’s lifespan to reduce long-term health inequalities.
A community health nurse is advocating for policies that address the social determinants of health inequalities. Which example reflects this focus?
A. Expanding access to healthy food in low-income neighborhoods.
B. Providing health education sessions to promote physical activity.
C. Ensuring tax reforms that reduce income disparities across populations.
D. Promoting exercise programs in workplace settings.
E. Offering free annual health check-ups to all community members.
Answer: C
Rationale: Policies targeting social determinants of health inequalities, like tax reforms, address broader systemic issues that impact health disparities.
Which of the following illustrates the “lifestyle drift” phenomenon in health policy?
A. Policies focus on healthy behaviors rather than addressing structural causes of inequalities.
B. Government initiatives emphasize universal healthcare access.
C. Community programs target health education and nutritional guidance.
D. Public health campaigns prioritize economic equality measures.
E. Programs increase funding for healthcare infrastructure.
Answer: A
Rationale: “Lifestyle drift” occurs when policies shift focus to individual behaviors rather than addressing systemic determinants of health inequalities.
