Week 1 cardiac drugs Flashcards
statins inhibit
HMG-CoA reductase
statins cause
- modest HDL raising
- lowers LDL
statin tests
- need to test liver function (ALT and AST)
- test at the beginning
- test 2-3 months in
- test annually
cholesterol absorption inhibitors name
ezetimibe
what does cholesterol absorption inhibitors do
they block the absorption of cholesterol from diet
what happens when you take a cholesterol absorption inhibitor
- lowers cholesterol
- reduction in LDL
- no effect on TG or HDL
how do bile acid sequestrates (Resins) work
bind bile acids in the intestines and promote their excretion instead of re absorption in the ileum
what do resins do?
- reduce LDL
- can cause TG increase
resins side effects
-gastrointestinal tract bloating and constipation
how do LDL apheresis work
patients plasma is passed over a column that selectively removes the LDL
aspirin does
- decrease fever
- decrease pain
- blood thinner
how does aspirin work?
it blocks COX 1 and COX 2 irreversible which means prostaglandins, prostacyclins (fever nad pain) and thomboxane (pro-coagulant) will not be active
heparin does…
- blood thinner
- treats heart attacks, unstable angina, DVT
how does heparin work?
thrombin inhibition by inactivating CF 10 and 9
warfarin (coumadin) does…
- blood thinner
- dosing is tricky, not as often used to treat MI
how does warfarin work…
works by inhibiting vitmain K production and therefore inhibits vitamin K dependent CF
- CF 2, 7, 9, 10
- proteins C, S and –> can cause coagulation still
clopidogrel (plavix) does…
decreases platelet plug formation
how does clopidogrel (plavix) work?
works by inhibiting the ADP receptors on platelets that are important for platelet aggregation
confirmation bias definition
the tendency to interpret new evidence as confirmation of one’s existing beliefs or theories.
cognitive heuristics definition
are simple, efficient rules, hard-coded by evolutionary processes or learned, which have been proposed to explain how people make decisions, come to judgments, and solve problems, typically when facing complex problems or incomplete information. These rules work well under most circumstances, but in certain cases lead to systematic errors or cognitive biases
cognitive bias definition
A cognitive bias refers to the systematic pattern of deviation from norm or rationality in judgment, whereby inferences about other people and situations may be drawn in an illogical fashion
prejudice vs discrimination
A prejudiced person may not act on their attitude. Therefore, someone can be prejudiced towards a certain group but not discriminate against them. Also, prejudice includes all three components of an attitude (affective, behavioral and cognitive), whereas discrimination just involves behavior.
–> sexist CEO vs not giving someone the job
heuristics
how people make decisions or solve problems
-availability heuristics: using information that you have collected from your experiences (shark attack vs fireworks)
-representative: using a prototype to predict what someone is like (feminist Linda)
-
consequences of obesity
- metabolic syndrome
- type II diabetes
- proinflammatory state
