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NURS 3036 - Mental Health Theory > Week 1 and 2 Powerpoint > Flashcards

Week 1 and 2 Powerpoint Flashcards

1
Q

Define mental health

A

The capacity of each and all of us to feel, think, and act in ways that enhance our ability to enjoy life and deal with the challenges we face
- positive sense of emotional and spiritual well-being

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2
Q

True or False:

Mental health is more than the absence of mental illness

A

True

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3
Q

True or False:

An individual with a mental illness can still have mental health

A

True

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4
Q

What are some examples of phenomena that are associated with deteriorating mental health?

A
  • growing inability to cope with problems and daily activities
  • withdrawal from society/friends
  • Excessive self-preoccupation
  • Excessive anxiety/fear
  • Prolonged deep depressed mood
  • Extreme high and low moods
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5
Q

What is the difference between a delusion and a hallucination?

A 
Delusion = fixed false BELIEF
Hallucination = sensory based incidents that are not reality based
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6
Q

Define mental health issue

A

Any departure from a state of mental or psychological well being (ex: anxiety)

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7
Q

Define mental illness/disorder

A

Clinically recognized condition

- implies significant distress, dysfunction, or a substantial risk of a harmful or adverse outcome

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8
Q

Define mental illness

A

Characterized by alterations in thinking, mood, and behaviour
- associated with significant distress and impaired functioning

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9
Q

What are 5 protective factors associated with mental well-being (mental health)?

A
  1. Individual factors
  2. Family factors
  3. School context
  4. Life events and situations
  5. Community and cultural factors
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10
Q

What are 5 risk factors associated with mental well-being (mental health)?

A
  1. Individual factors
  2. Family/social factors
  3. School context
  4. Life events and situations
  5. Community and cultural factors
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11
Q

What are three examples of mood disorders?

A
  1. Bipolar 1
  2. Bipolar 2
  3. Major depressive disorder
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12
Q

What are three examples of anxiety disorders?

A
  1. Panic disorder
  2. Phobias
  3. Obsessive compulsive disorder
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13
Q

What are three examples of schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders?

A
  1. Delusional disorder
  2. Brief psychotic disorder
  3. Psychotic disorders due to substances (cocaine)
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14
Q

What are five example of somatoform disorders?

A
  1. Somatization disorder
  2. Pain disorder
  3. Conversion disorder
  4. Hypochondriasis
  5. Factitious disorder
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15
Q

What are the three clusters of personality disorders?

A
  1. Cluster A - odd eccentric disorders
  2. Cluster B - dramatic emotional disorders
  3. Cluster C - anxious fearful disorders
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16
Q

What are three examples of Cluster A Personality Disorders (odd eccentric disorders)?

A
  1. Schizoid
  2. Schizotypal
  3. Paranoid
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17
Q

What are three examples of Cluster B Personality Disorders (dramatic emotional disorders)?

A
  1. Borderline
  2. Anti-social
  3. Histrionic
  4. Narcissistic
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18
Q

What are three examples of Cluster C Personality Disorders (anxious fearful disorders)?

A
  1. Avoidant
  2. Dependent
  3. Obsessive-compulsive
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19
Q

What are three examples of neuropsychiatric disorders?

A
  1. Delirium
  2. Alzheimer’s type dementia
  3. Other dementias
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20
Q

What are two other kinds of major mental disorders?

A
  1. Eating disorders

2. Substance abuse/dependence disorders

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21
Q

What is the purpose of the axes system of assessment?

A

To provide a comprehensive diagnosis

- includes a complete picture of a person’s mental health

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22
Q

What are the names of the five axes?

A

Axis I: Clinical disorders
Axis II: Personality disorders, mental retardation
Axis III: General medical conditions
Axis IV: Psychosocial and environmental problems
Axis V: Global Assessment of functioning scale

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23
Q

What is the GAF (Global Assessment of Functioning)?

A 
Numeric scale ( 1 - 100) used by mental health clinicians and physicians to rate subjectively the:
- social, occupational, and psychological functioning of adults
24
Q

What is the meaning behind the psychological, social/interpersonal, and occupational categories when scoring a GAR?

A 
Psychological = obsessions, panic attacks, etc
Social/interpersonal = maintaining friendships, personal hygiene
Occupational = work attendance, ability to follow directions
25
Q

What is stigma?

A

A negative stereotype

26
Q

What does the MSE stand for?

A

Mental Status Exam(ination)

27
Q

What is involved in the MSE?

A
  • Objective observations by the clinician

- Subjective descriptions given by the client

28
Q

What is the MSE the psychological equivalent to?

A

H2T Physical Exam

29
Q

What is the purpose of the MSE?

A
  • Provides information for diagnosis
  • Assessment of a disorder
  • Response to treatment
30
Q

What are the 9 components of the MSE?

A
  1. General appearance
  2. Behaviour
  3. Speech
  4. Mood and affect
  5. Sensory/perception
  6. Thought form/process
  7. Thought Content
  8. Sensorium & cognitive processes
  9. Insight/judgement
31
Q

What do you need to focus on when addressing the “General Appearance” category of the MSE?

A
  • build, posture, dress, grooming
  • level of alertness
  • facial expression
  • attitude towards examiner
32
Q

What do you need to focus on when addressing the “Behaviour” category of the MSE?

A
  • eye contact
  • psychomotor activity
  • movements (tremor, abnormal movements, gait)
33
Q

What do you need to focus on when addressing the “Speech” category of the MSE?

A
  • rate
  • rhythm (articulation, monotone)
  • volume
  • content
34
Q

What do you need to focus on when addressing the “Mood” category of the MSE?

A

The prevalent emotional state that the persons tells you they currently feel

  • subjective data
  • “fantastic”, “sad”, “depressed”
35
Q

What do you need to focus on when addressing the “Affect” category of the MSE?

A

The emotional state that the EXAMINER observes

  • facial expression and behaviour
  • looking at the: type, range, congruency, stability
36
Q

Define euthymic

A

Normal mood

37
Q

Define dysphoric

A

Depressed/irritable/angry mood

38
Q

Define euphoric

A

Elevated/elated mood

39
Q

Define congruency in regards to mood

A

Does the mood the examiner sees, match what the client says they’re feeling?

40
Q

What does it mean if a client has a labile affect?

A

Excessive displays of emotion

41
Q

What are the 5 types of hallucinations?

A
  • auditory
  • visual
  • tactile
  • olfactory
  • gustatory
42
Q

What is a hallucination?

A

A false sensory perception

43
Q

What do you need to focus on when addressing the “Thought form/processes” category of the MSE?

A

Describing the rate of thoughts, how they flow and how they are connected
- normal or abnormal

44
Q

What does “Thought content” refer to in the MSE?

A

Refers to the themes that occupy the person’s thoughts and perceptual disturbances
- delusions, depressive thoughts, compulsions, phobias, self-harm

45
Q

What 5 things do you need to focus on when addressing the “Cognition” category of the MSE?

A
  1. LOC
  2. Attention and concentration
  3. Memory
  4. Abstraction
  5. Orientation
46
Q

Define insight related to the MSE

A

Awareness of one’s own illness and/or situation

47
Q

Define judgement related to the MSE

A

The ability to anticipate the consequences of one’s behaviour and make decisions to safeguard own well-being and that of others

48
Q

Define anxiety

A

A group of conditions that share a key feature of excessive anxiety (predominant disturbance)
- result in maladaptive behavioural, emotional, cognitive, and physiological responses

49
Q

True or False:

Anxiety can become chronic and can permeate into major portions of a person’s life

A

True

50
Q

What are Maslow’s 5 Hierarchy of Needs?

A
  1. Physiological
  2. Safety
  3. Love/belonging
  4. Esteem
  5. Self-actualization
51
Q

When “we treat the whole person”, what 4 things do we look at?

A
  1. Biological
  2. Psychological
  3. Social
  4. Spiritual
52
Q

What does cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) focus on?

A

Focuses on the way people think and act

53
Q

True or False:

In CBT our thoughts have no impact on our actions

A

False

- In CBT, our thoughts about a situation affect how we feel and how we behave in that situation

54
Q

What is the main idea of CBT?

A

The meanings we ASSIGN to the situation that affect how we feel and act, NOT the situation itself

55
Q

What are 6 anxiety disorders?

A
  1. Generalized anxiety disorder
  2. Panic disorder
  3. Agoraphobia
  4. Phobia
  5. Obsessive compulsive disorder
  6. Post traumatic stress disorder
56
Q

What are coping skills?

A

Methods that a person uses to DEAL WITH a stressful situation
- may help face it, take action, be flexible
= conscious strategies

57
Q

What are defense mechanisms?

A

Automatic psychological process PROTECTING the individual against anxiety and from awareness of internal or external dangers
= unconscious

NURS 3036 - Mental Health Theory (5 decks)

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