WEEK 1: ALTERATIONS IN THE INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM & BURNS Flashcards
Primary Lesions: MACULE
Flat, nonpalpable change in skin color, with different sizes, shapes, and colors, usually smaller than 1 cm (e.g., rubella, scarlet fever freckles.
Primary Lesions: PAPULE
A palpable solid raised lesion that is less than 1 cm in diameter due to superficial thickening in the epidermis (e.g., ringworm, rosea, wart, mole).
Primary Lesions: NODULE
A solid elevated lesion that is larger and deeper than a papule (e.g., fibroma, intradermal nevi).
Primary Lesions: VESICLE
A small blister-like raised area of the skin that contains serous fluid, up to 1 cm in diameter (e.g., poison ivy, shingles, chicken pox)
Primary Lesions: BULLA
A fluid-filled vesicle or blister larger than 1 cm (e.g., burns, contact dermatitis).
Primary Lesions: PUSTULE
Slight elevation of skin or vesicle or bulla that contains lymph or pus (e.g., impetigo, scabies, acne)
Primary Lesions: WHEAL
Round, transient elevation of the skin caused by dermal edema and surrounding capillary dilation: white in the center and red in the periphery (e.g., hives, insect bites)
Primary Lesions: PLAQUE
A patch or solid, raised lesion on the skin or mucous membrane that is greater than 1 cm in diameter (e.g., psoriasis)
Primary Lesions: CYST
A closed sac or pouch that consists of semisolid, solid, or liquid material (e.g., sebaceous cyst).
Secondary Lesions: SCALE
Dry exfoliation of dead epidermis that may develop as a result of inflammatory changes (e.g, very dry skin, cradle cap, psoriasis).
Secondary Lesions: CRUST
A scab formed by dry serum, pus, or blood (e.g., infected dermatitis, impetigo).
Secondary Lesions: EXCORIATION
Traumatized abrasions of the epidermis or linear scratch marks (e.g., scabies, dermatitis, burns).
Secondary Lesions: FISSURE
A slit or cracklike sore that extends into the dermis usually due to continuous inflammation and drying (e.g., athlete’s foot, anal fissure)
Secondary Lesions: ULCER
An open sore or lesion that extends to the dermis (e.g., pressure sores).
Secondary Lesions: LICHENIFICATION
The thickening and hardening of skin from continued irritation, such as intense scratching, looks like the surface of a mass.
Secondary Lesions: SCAR
A mark left in the skin due to fibrotic changes following the healing of a wound or sore or surgical incision.
