Week 1 Flashcards
What is whakapapa?
Geneology, all languages have this.
What roots does English stem from?
Indo-European
What roots does Maori stem from?
Malayo-Polynesian/Austronesian
What languages are sister to Maori?
Cook Island Maori, Rapanui (Easter Island), Tahiti, Hawaii, Marquesas.
When did first Maori Ancestors arrive here as Eastern Pacific Polynesians?
Between 1000 and 1400 years ago.
What are the Maori vowels?
a, e, i, o, u.
What are the Maori consonants?
STOPS: p, t, k. NASALS: m, n, nga. OTHERS: wh, r, w, h.
Write out the Vowel Chart.
FRONT UNROUNDED BACK ROUNDED
HIGH i u
MID e o
LOW a
What is a short syllable? (2)
Either a vowel alone, or a consonant plus one vowel.
What is a long syllable? (3)
A long vowel/double vowel (a macron)
Two different vowels (diphthong)
Double vowel and another vowel (triphthong)
What is a diphthong?
A syllable with two different vowels.
What is a macron?
The line above a vowel, which represents a double vowel of same letter.
What is a falling diphthong?
Higher to lower note (ie)
What is a rising diphthong?
Lower to higher note (oe)
What are y-glides and w-glides?
The sound between vowels which sound like english “y” or “w” sounds.
Write out the consonants chart.
BI-LABIAL DENTAL ALVEOLAR VELAR GLOTTAL
STOP p t k
NASAL m n ng
FRICATIVE wh h
LABIAL w
FLAPPED r
What are the two main phrases in Maori language?
- Noun phrases (nominal)
2. Verbal phrases
What are phrases composed of? (3)
- Bases (nouns)
- Particles (grammatical glue)
- Affixes (markers attached to the bases, affix/suffix)
What are articles?
A particular set of nominal particles.
What are the four articles and what do they mean?
- te ‘the’ (one)
- ngaa ‘the’ (plural)
- he ‘a, some’
- a Personal
What are the verbal particles and what do they mean? (7)
- i ‘past’
- E… ana ‘continuous, non-time’ (like “ing”)
- ka ‘inceptive, non-time’ (has begun, not finished)
- Kua ‘perfective’ (action has occurred, but recently)
- Kia ‘desiderative’ (to desire)
- Me ‘polite imperative’
- E ‘direct imperative’
What are the rules of particle “E”?
If there are less than 2 vowels in the base, keep “e”, if there are 3 or more vowels in the base, “e” is removed.
When there is only one count, what happens?
“Kotahi te (base)”
