Week 1 Flashcards
what are the 6 types of qi
1-zhen qi (true/right qi) - basis for all other types of qi in the body
2-zong qi - chest/ancestral qi
3-zheng qi - upright qi
4-wei qi - defense qi
5- ying qi - nutritive/construction qi
6-zhong qi - middle qi; spleen and stomach
what is zhen qi
(true qi/right qi)
“active part of the essence”
“the product of what is received from heaven combined with grain qi and which makes the body full”
what is zong qi
(chest qi/ancestral qi/gathering qi)
- gathers in the “sea of qi”
- pervades the respiratory tract
- controls breathing and penetrates the heart and vessels
- drives the heart and regulates the pulse
zong
ancestor, root, source, clan, gather, converge
the warmth and movement of the limbs is largely dependent on what kind of qi?
zong qi
“ancestral qi penetrates the heart and the vessels, driving the heart and regulating the pulses. Thus, the circulation of qi and blood and the temperature and movement of the limbs are largely dependent on it.”
the strength of a pulse is related to the strength of what kind of qi?
zong qi
“ancestral qi penetrates the heart and the vessels, driving the heart and regulating the pulses.”
where does wei qi circulate?
outside the vessels
unable to be contained by vessels
in the exterior thorugh skin and flesh
what are characteristics of wei qi?
fierce, bold, and uninhibited
what is the wei qi’s function in the chest and abdomen?
to warm the organs
what kind of qi regulates the opening and closing of interstices?
wei qi
what kind of qi keeps skin lusterous and healthy?
wei qi
what kind of qi protects the flehy exterior and is the first line of defense against invading evils?
wei qi
what is ying qi & what are its functions?
(constructive/nutritive qi) fxns: forms blood flows in the vessels with the blood helps to nourish the entire body
what is zhong qi and what are its functions?
(central qi/qi of the middle) qi of the spleen and stomach fxns: upbears pure downbears turbid
what is zheng qi
(upright qi)
the active aspects of the body (organs, blood, essence) that form qi to maintain health and resist disease.
usually only used in discussing the body’s response to a pathogen
what is wei qi?
defensive qi
what are the pathologies of qi?
vacuity, fall, stagnation,counterflow
causes of qi vacuity
enduring illness, old age, weak constitution, malnutrition, or taxation fatigue
what is qi vacuity characterized by?
physical weakness/lack of strength
shortness of breath and faint voice are are associated with…
lung qi vacuity
poor appetite and indigestion are associated with…
spleen-stomach qi vacuity
enuresis and seminal efflux are associated with…
kidney qi vacuity
aversion to wind and a susceptibiluity to common colds are associated with…
defense qi vacuity
what is qi fall?
an advanced condition of qi vacuity; downward falling of qi leading to prolapse;
mostly occurs in diseases of the spleen (the qi of the spleen normally bears upward)
what is qi fall characterized by?
dizziness, distention, fullness in the stomach duct, endring diarrhea, and prolapse of the rectum/uterus
what is qi stagnation
disruption of the normal flow of qi in any area of the body
what is qi stagnation caused by?
emotional constraint, dietary irregularities, contraction of external evils, trauma
what is qi stagnation characterized by?
local pain, distention, feelings of oppression, distending pain (pain that is associated with feeling of fullness), flucuating intensity, unfixed location, tenesmus (the urgen desire to defecate, with difficulty in defecation characterized by heaviness or pressure in the rectum.
if qi stagnates in the chest/rib-side, what will one experience?
those areas will be painful and distended
if qi stagnates in the liver channel, what will one experience?
painful swelling of the breasts and distention or sagging pain in the lesser abdomen
what is counterflow qi
denotes stagnation and counterflow ascent of qi that normally bears downwards. usually occurs in disorders of the lung and stomach.
counterflow qi in lung =
cough, hasty breathing, wheezing
counterflow qi in stomach =
nausea, vomitting, hiccough, belching, gerd
how to make qi
qi of grain & water (Gu Qi) - enters the stomach, transformed by spleen
+
great qi (Da Qi) - air drawn into lungs
+
essential qi (combined congenital and acquired) - motive force for all physiological activities / stored in KD
how to make blood
-stomach and spleen take in grain and water and extract the essence from it. this flows up to the lung channel where it is transformed into blood. it flows through the blood vessels and is known as construction qi.
what is the relationship between the heart and blood?
the heart governs blood
blood flows through the vessels and is pumped by the heart
what is the relationship between the liver and blood?
the liver stores blood
when the body moves, the blood flows though the channels; when the body rests blood returns to the liver where it is stored
what is the relationship between the spleen and blood?
the spleen manages blood
blood is prevented from spilling out of the vessels by the containing power of the spleen
what are the pathologies of blood?
blood vacuity
blood stasis
blood heat
what causes blood vacuity?
heavy blood loss, diminished blood production, impairment of the blood’s nourishing function.
may occur as a result of impaired spleen-stomach M&T
may also result from failure to eliminate static blood and produce new blood.
what are signs and symptoms of blood vacuity?
dizziness, palpitation, lusterless complexion, pale lips and tongue, fine pulse, insomnia, flowery vision, hypertonicity (stiffness, tension, spasm), dry skin, dry/lifeless hair
what is blood stasis?
impairment of the smooth flow of blood
what is blood stasis caused by?
stagnation or vacuity of qi that impairs the free flow of blood, blood cold that causes congealing and stagnation of the blood, blood heat that “boils” the blood, and trauma that causes extravasation of the blood such as internal hemorrhage and contusion.
what are the signs and symptoms of blood stasis?
dull, dark facial complexion, green-blue or purple lips and tongue, stasis speckles on the tongue, a fine or rough pulse AND painful swelling and stabbing pain of a fixed location.
what is blood heat?
a disorder resulting from a heat toxin (evils causing acute febrile disease characterized by sudden shivering, high fever, headache, vomiting, vexation, agitation, & thirst…etc.)
what are two major signs of blood heat?
bright red bleeding and maculopapular eruptions (macules are usually red colored patches that are unraised above the surface of the skin and vary in size. papules are like grains of millet in shape and size, that are raised above the surface of the skin.)
5 body constituents
sinews [tendons/ligaments] (wood; LV) vessels (fire; HT) muscles [aka flesh] (earth; SP) body hair & skin (metal; LU) bone (water; KD)
skin
Pi; refers to skin and body hair; related to the lung; protects the body, regulates body fluids (lung regulates waterways through proper diffusion and downbearing), regulates body temperature (through opening and closing of pores)
muscles
Ji Rou; spleen governs flesh and four limbs; muscles/flesh are nourished by blood (though M&T of the spleen, blood is created); protects viscera - spleen qi holds the viscera in place
sinews
Jin; governed by liver; allows joints to bend and stretch (think of wood aspect bending and straightening)
Bone
Gu; kidney governs bone and engenders marrow, therefore the strength of bones depend upon the strength of the kidney; protects the viscera; holds marrow
Blood Vessels
Mai; heart governs blood and vessels; transports qi and blood; transports ying qi (construction qi)
