Week 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is abnormality?

A

Maladaptive, disruptive or uncomfortable pattens of thinking, feeling and behaving.

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2
Q

What are the four constructs of a mental disorder?

A

Dysfunction, violation of social norms, personal distress and disability.

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3
Q

What were the first treatments for mental disorder during the stone age?

A

excorsisms and Trephination (drilling holes in th skull)

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4
Q

What did people in th stone age believe was the cause of mental disorders?

A

someone with a mental disorder was belived to have displeased god, or be possessed by evil spirits

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5
Q

What was the veiw of mental disorders held by the Hippocrates ?

A

Illness was seperate from religion and mental disorders were caused by imbalance of the four humors (Blood, yellow bile, black bile, Phlegm)

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6
Q

List a define 3 mental disorders recognised by the Hippocrates

A

Mania - periods of excitment and overactivity. Melancholia - deep sadness . Phrenitis - inflamation of the mid resulting in delirium

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7
Q

What was the veiw of mental health in the Middle Ages

A

Return to spiritual beliefs with many mentally ill people accused of being witches.

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8
Q

The age of assylums followed on from the Middle ages, describe treatment of the mentally ill during this time.

A

Asylum patients were treated inhumainly. there was little food, care, spread of disease. Patients were often used for experimental procedures

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9
Q

how did they Asylum age end?

A

a recovered patient of an asylum went on to work in one and took th shackels of patients and treated them humainly.

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10
Q

How did Dorothy Dix contribute to humain treatment of the metally ill within asylums

A

by putting people in charge of their treatments and showed them that they can take control of their own mental wellbeing.

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11
Q

what are some contempory appraoches to mental health

A

Mental illnes is the cause of both biological and psychological dysfunction.

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12
Q

What is the germ theory of diease?

A

A rise in brain damage due to infection of the brain by syphillus demonstrated how infection can alter brain patholgy and lead to changes in behaviour.

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13
Q

What role did Francis Galton play in the treatment of disabled peole?

A

he persuaded the US to pass a law which prohibited mentally ill people from marriage and reproduction - 45,000 people sterialized.

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14
Q

What is Electoconvulsive Therapy when is it used?

A

Shock therapy, used as a last resort for serious cases of mental illness.

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15
Q

What are epigenetics?

A

interaction between genes and the enviroment

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16
Q

What is the biological approach to mental health

A

disorders arise due to inherited abnormalities

17
Q

What were Frueds Ideologies?

A

Childhood shapes adulthood, Unconscious unfulences behaviour, causes and purpose of human behaviours and not always obvious

18
Q

What is the ICD?

A

the International Classification of Disease is a diagnostic criteria which aims to diagnose many different syndroms, physical and mental diseases as possible

19
Q

compare and contrast the ICD and DSM-V

A

ICD is used for all illnesses while the DCM focusses on mental health. DCM favoured by mental health proffessionals.

20
Q

What are the downsides of the DSM-V. give 3 examples.

A

So many diagnosises means that common reactions meet criteria for a disorder. e.g. stress following a traumatic incident meets criteria for an acute stress diagnosis. people with one disorder meet criteria for diagnosis of a second one. Two specialists can diagnose the same patient with different diseases due to overlap of symptoms.

21
Q

explain the upside to the DSM-V being dimentional rather than catergorical

A

allows clinicians to undertsand the extend to which a patient is experiencing a symptoms. ‘always, somewhat, never’ is more telling than ‘yes, no’ answers.