Week 1

Question 1

4 most common cancers in the uk

Answer 1

breast
prostate
lung
bowel

Question 2

7 types of diabetes medication and where they work on

Answer 2

DPP-4 inhibitors 
Incretin mimics (GLP-1-RA)
sulphonylurea
metformin
pioglitazones
sglt-2 inhibitor 
alpha-glucosidase inhibitor

Question 3

example of dpp-4 inhibitor

Answer 3

gliptins, e.g. stigagliptin

Question 4

example of incretin mimic

Answer 4

exenatide

Question 5

route of administration for exenatide

Answer 5

IM injection

Question 6

example of sulphonylurea

Answer 6

glipizide, glicazide

Question 7

example of glitazones

Answer 7

pioglitazones

Question 8

example of alpha-glucosidase inhibitor

Answer 8

acarbose

Question 9

example of SGLT2 inhibitor

Answer 9

gliflozins, e.g. dapagliflozin

Question 10

which diabetic drug has potential hypoglycaemia as side effect

Answer 10

sulphonylureas

incretin mimics

Question 11

which diabetic drug has weight gain side effect

Answer 11

sulphonylurea

glitazones

Question 12

which which diabetic drug has weight loss side effect

Answer 12

metformin
incretin mimics
sglt-2 inhibitors

Question 13

which diabetic drug should be stopped in AKI and kidney failure?

Answer 13

metformin

Question 14

which diabetic drug causes fluid retention?

Answer 14

glitazones

Question 15

which diabetic drug causes flatulence

Answer 15

alpha glucosidase inhibitors

Question 16

sites of actions of diabetic drugs (7)

Answer 16

incretin mimic on gut, pancreas
dpp-4 inhibitors on dpp-4, reduce incretin breakdown
sulphonylurea on beta islet cells
metformin on heptatocytes
pioglitazones on adipocytes
sglt-2 inhibitors on kidney
alpha-glucosidase on intestine transport proteins

Question 17

symptoms of delirium

Answer 17

change in cognition/memory
change on consciousness
hallucinations
mood disturbance
sleep disturbance

Question 18

causes of delirium

Answer 18

PINCH ME

pain
infection
nutrition
constipation
hydration

medication
environment

Question 19

where are pressure sores common

Answer 19

heels
sacrum
shoulder
back of head
elbows

Question 20

difference between urge and stress incontinence

Answer 20

stress incontinence causes leakage when intra-abdominal pressure is increased

urge incontinence is the sudden need to urinate without ability to hold.

Question 21

what is overflow incontinence

Answer 21

when a patient leaks urine due to blockage in the outflow tract, causing retention as well

Question 22

what are some medications that can cause urinary incontinence

Answer 22

ACEI
diuretics
anticholinergics
antiparkinsonism medication

Question 23

2 types of faecal incontinence

Answer 23

urge incontinence and passive incontinence