Week 1 Flashcards

1
Q

First general purpose electronic digital computer?

A

ENIAC

1946

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2
Q

First programmable binary digital computers? Year?

A

EDSAC 1949

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3
Q

What is a microcode?

A

Microcode- is a set of detailed hardware level instructions used to implement machine language instructions.

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4
Q

Why is microcode used?

A

Microcode reduces complexity and simplifies design.

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5
Q

Integer data types?

A
Unsigned
Signed(Sign magnitude and two complement)
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6
Q

What is unsigned integer?

A

Zero and positive numbers.
2^8 = 256 different integers
Min 0 Max 255

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7
Q

What is a signed integer?

A

Whole numbers plus negative numbers.
If very left = 0, then its positive
1, then its negative

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8
Q

What is lossless compression?

A

Lossless compression reduces the size of data without losing or changing any information.
Eg. Zip

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9
Q

What is compression ratio?

A

The effectiveness of the compression method.

10:1 one tenth of original size.

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10
Q

What is lossy compression?

A

Lossy compression algorithms change or discard some of the data in a way that is hard to notice for human senses.

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11
Q

Specify some of compression ratios:

A

JPEG - 10:1 or 20:1
Mp3 - 10:1
Mpeg- 100:1 to 200:1

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