Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Bioscience for Midwifery > Week 1 > Flashcards

Week 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three types of muscles in the body?

A

Smooth muscle: Involuntary, contractions are slow and sustained, resistant to fatigue;
Skeletal muscle: Attached to and cover the skeleton, voluntary;
Cardiac muscle: Exists only in the heart, involuntary.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

The perimetrium refers to?

A

Outer layer of the uterus.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Hormones of pregnancy influence uterine changes, primarily:

A

Eostrogen promotes growth of myometrial muscle.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Anatomical features affected in grade 2 female genital mutilation are?

A

Clitoris and labia minora.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What anatomical features can be viewed when a woman is giving birth?

A

Clitoris, urethral opening, labia minora, mons pubis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

True or False, the android pelvis is the ideal female pelvis?

A

FALSE - the Gynaecoid pelvis is the ideal.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

True or False: The platypelloid pelvis is typically oval shaped?

A

TRUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

True or False: Female genital mutilation (FGM) has four classifcations.

A

FALSE - there are three.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the three levels of female genital mutilation (FGM)?

A

Level 1 - Clitoris;
Level 2 - Clitoris and labia minora;
Level 3 - Clitoris, labia minora and labia majora.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Name the bones of the bony pelvis.

A 
Sacrum;
Coccyx;
Two innominate bones consisting of:
* ilium
* ishcium
* pubic bone
Symphysis Pubis
Pelvic brim
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the name of the joint connecting the sacrum and the ilium?

A

Sacroiliac Joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the name of the joint connecting the sacrum and the coccyx?

A

Sacrococcygeal joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the three layers of the uterus called?

A

Perimetrium, myometrium, endometrium.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Name the three parts of the cervix.

A

Internal OS, cervical canal, External OS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the vesicouterine or uterovesical pouch?

A

The pouch between the uterus and the bladder that is formed by the perimetrium.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the rectouterine pouch, or pouch of douglas?

A

The pocket of the peritoneal cavity between the uterus and the rectum.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the detrusor muscle?

A

The muscle wall of the bladder.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What separates the pelvic cavity from the perineum?

A

The pelvic floor.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

The perineal membrane is inferior to the….?

A

Pelvic diaphragm.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the perineal membrane?

A

A triangular membrane between the pelvic diaphragm and the deep perineal pouch.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What does the Levator Ani consist of?

A

Pubococcygeus, iliococcygeus, and the ishciococcygeus muscles.

22
Q

The levator ani is vital for ….?

A

Control of bowel and bladder functions.

23
Q

What are the four basic types of pelvis?

A

Android, anthropoid, gynaecoid, platypelloid.

24
Q

The placenta implants in the ….. ?

A

Wall of the endometrium.

25
Q

Which layer of the myometrium is termed the “living ligatures” and why?

A

The middle layer as it has fibres that obliquely wrap around blood vessels in a tight network constricting, to expel the fetus and to control bleeding after birth.

26
Q

What is effacement?

A

The softening and shortening of the cervix.

27
Q

Where is the fundus located?

A

At the top of the uterine body extending to, but not including, the fallopian tubes.

28
Q

What is the perimetrium?

A

The outer layer of the uterus. A loosely fit sheath to allow for the unrestricted growth of the uterus during pregnancy and fans out to form the broad ligament which holds the uterus firmly in place.

29
Q

What is the myometrium?

A

The middle layer of the uterus. This layer is composed of smooth muscle which is arranged in three layers.

30
Q

What is the endometrium?

A

The inner layer of the uterus. This is the mucous lining of the uterine cavity and is where a fertilised ovum will implant and grow.

31
Q

Describe the three layers of the myometrium.

A

Inner layer: circular fibres that run in a longitudanal plane from the anterior cervix, up over the fundus and back to the posterior edge of the cervix.

Middle layer: contains interlaced spiral fibres which form figure eight networks around blood vessels. “Living Ligatures”

Outer layer: combination of longitudunal and circular smooth muscle fibres.

32
Q

What is the main purpose of the inner layer of the myometrium?

A

Acts to dilate the cervix during labour.

33
Q

What is the main purpose of the middle layer of the myometrium?

A

Involved in downward propulsion of the fetus; minimises blood loss.

34
Q

What is the peritoneum?

A

The membrane lining the abdominopelvic cavity.

35
Q

What is the fourchette?

A

The small fold of skin where the labia minora join.

36
Q

What are Bartholin’s glands?

A

Glands that produce mucous that lubricates the vestibule during sex. They are embedded in the connective tissue connected to the vestibule.

37
Q

What is the vestibule?

A

The cleft between the labia minora into which the urethral and vaginal orifice opens.

38
Q

What is the normal pH of the vagina?

A

4.5

39
Q

How is the pH of the vagina maintained?

A

Glycogen is released from the cells and broken down by bacteria to form lactic acid.

40
Q

What are the names of the four segments of the fallopian tubes?

A

Infundibulum (fibriated portion): the end that receives the oocyte from the ovary and has fimbriae that are fingerlike parts that sweep the oocyte into the tube.

Ampulla: longest and widest section of the tube where fertilisation normally occurs.

Isthmus

Interstitial: lumen is only 1mm in diameter here.

41
Q

What are the six layers of the pelvic floor?

A
  1. Pelvic peritoneum;
  2. Visceral layer of pelvic fascia;
  3. Deep muscles encased in fascia;
  4. Superficial muscles encased in fascia;
  5. Subcutaneous fat;
  6. Skin.
42
Q

Collectively, what are the muscles of the levator ani called?

A

Coccygeus muscles.

43
Q

True or False: The levator ani is the deep muscles of the pelvic floor.

A

TRUE

44
Q

The levator ani and the fascia covering their surfaces are collectively known as….?

A

The pelvic diaphragm.

45
Q

What muscles make up the superficial muscles of the pelvic floor?

A 
Transverse perinei;
Bulbocavernosus;
Ischiocavernosus;
External anal sphincter;
External urinary meatus.
46
Q

What is the main function of the superficial muscles of the pelvic floor?

A

They provide additional strength. They lie underneath the deep muscles like webbing of a chair.

47
Q

What is the main function of the pubococcygeus?

A

Support and maintain the position of pelvic viscera;
Resist increased intra-abdominal pressure during forced expiration, vomiting, coughing, urination and defecation;
Constrict the anus, urethra and vagina;
Support the fetal head during childbirth.

48
Q

What is the main function of the iliococcygeus?

A

Support and maintain position of pelvic viscera;
Resist increased intra-abdominal pressure;
Pull the coccyx anteriorly following defecation or childbirth.

49
Q

What is the main function of the ischiococcygeus?

A

Help to stabilise the sacroiliac and sacrococcygeal joints of the pelvis and also flex the coccygeal joints.

50
Q

What shape is the platypelloid pelvis?

A

Kidney shaped brim.

51
Q

What shape is the Gynaecoid pelvis?

A

This is the ideal female pelvis. It has a rounded brim.

52
Q

What shape is the android pelvis?

A

This is a typical male pelvis, and has a heart shaped brim.

Bioscience for Midwifery (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions