Week 1-5

Question 1

What are the 5 phases of the walking stance

Answer 1

Initial contact, loading response, mid-stance, terminal stance and pre-swing

Question 2

What are the 3 phases of the walking swing

Answer 2

Initial swing, mid swing and terminal swing

Question 3

What are the 5 phases of running

Answer 3

Stance (Absorption and propulsion), Early float, swing and late float

Question 4

What is the difference between a step and a stride

Answer 4

A stride is right foot to right foot while a step is right foot to left foot or vice versa

Question 5

What is the main factor seperating walking and running?

Answer 5

Duty Factor, <0.5 is walking and <0.5 is running

Question 6

How do you calculate speed?

Answer 6

Stride length multipled by stride frequency

Question 7

During walking the leg is modeled as a what?

Answer 7

Inverted pendulum

Question 8

What does angular kinematics describe?

Answer 8

Rotation about an axis

Question 9

The axis of the rotation is the _______ of the angular kinematics vector

Answer 9

Direction

Question 10

What are the two types of angles and what do they describe?

Answer 10

Absolute - describes a rigid body that rotates about an axis

Relative - describes joint angles

Question 11

Sagittal, frontal and transverse plane motion is around what axis’?

Answer 11

X, Y and Z respectively

Question 12

What are the three main dynamic forces?

Answer 12

Air resistance (drag), Lift and magnus

Question 13

What does dimpling (like a golf ball) achieve?

Answer 13

Introduces turbulence along the surface, therefore ball will travel further

Question 14

Backspin tends to

Answer 14

decrease the angle for max distance and makes the projectile rise and go further

Question 15

Topsin tends to

Answer 15

increase the angle for max distance and makes the projectile drop and go less far

Question 16

Sidespin tends to

Answer 16

will act as a gyroscope to keep projectile in constant orientation

Question 17

What is the difference between a vector and a scalar

Answer 17

Scalars are quantities that are described by a magnitude (numerical value) where as velocities are quantities described by a magnitude and direction

Question 18

What is a projectile and what acts upon a projectile?

Answer 18

A projectile is an object in the air affected by gravity and aerodynamic forces

Question 19

Difference between distance and displacement

Answer 19

Distance is a scalar and only measures distance travelled from starting point where as displacement is a vector and is described by how high and how far.

Question 20

What is a timing gate?

Answer 20

Records times at different positions of a run

Question 21

What is newtons first law?

Answer 21

Law of inertia, where a mass will stay at rest or a uniform motion unless acted upon by an unbalanced force

Question 22

What is newtons second law?

Answer 22

Law of acceleration - Acceleration is produced when a force acts on a mass. The heavier the mass means the more force required to accelerate the mass

Question 23

What is newtons third law?

Answer 23

Law of action and reaction - For every action (force) there is an equal and opposite reaction (force)