Week 1 & 2 - Body Systems & Introduction to the Human Body Flashcards
What type of sagittal plane divides the body or organ into unequal right and left sides?
A Parasagittal Plane
In what cavity is the stomach located?
The Abdominal Cavity
What is a vertical plane that divides the body into right & left sides?
A Sagittal Plane
What is the name of the membrane that covers the heart?
The Pericardium
In what cavity is the Urinary Bladder located?
The Pelvic Cavity
In what cavity are the internal organs of reproduction located?
The Pelvic Cavity
In what cavity is the esophagus located?
The Thoracic Cavity / Mediastinum
In what cavity is the Large Intestine located?
Most of the large intestine is found in the abdominal cavity, with a small portion extending to the pelvic cavity.
Which body cavity is formed by cranial bones and contains the brain?
The Cranial Cavity
What body cavity is subdivided into the abdominal and pelvic cavities?
The Abdominopelvic Cavity
What is the name of the central portion of the thoracic cavity between the lungs, which extends from sternum to vertebral column, and from first rib to diaphragm?
The Mediastinum
In what cavity is the brain located?
The Cranial Cavity
In what cavity is the spinal cord located?
The Vertebral Canal
What is the name of the serous membrane in the abdominopelvic cavity?
The Peritoneum
In what cavity is the trachea located?
The Thoracic Cavity / Mediastinum
What is the name of the membrane that covers the lungs?
The Pleura
What body cavity contains the stomach, spleen, liver, gallbladder, small intestine, and most of the large intestine?
The Abdominal Cavity
What cavity is formed by the vertebral column and contains the spinal cord and the beginning of spinal nerves?
The Vertebral Canal
In what cavity is the liver located?
The Abdominal Cavity
In what cavity is the gallbladder located?
The Abdominal Cavity
What is the name of the potential space between the layers of the pleura that surrounds the lung?
The Pleural Cavity
What is the name of the potential space between the layers of the pericardium that surrounds the heart?
The Pericardial Cavity
In what cavity is the heart located?
The Thoracic Cavity / Mediastinum
What is the name of the anatomical plane that divides the body or organ into an Anterior and a Posterior portion?
A Frontal Plane
In what cavity is the spleen located?
The Abdominal Cavity
What is the name of a sagittal plane that divides the body or organ into equal left and right sides?
A Midsagittal Plane
Which cavity contains the urinary bladder, portions of the large intestine, and the internal organs of reproduction?
The Pelvic Cavity
What is the name of a horizontal plane that divides the body or organ into a Superior and an Inferior portion?
A Transverse Plane
In what cavity is the small intestine located?
The Abdominal Cavity
What is the name of the chest cavity with contains the pleural and pericardial cavities, as well as the mediastinum?
The Thoracic Cavity
What is the difference between Anatomy & Physiology?
Anatomy is the study of structure, Physiology is the study of how body structures function.
What are the Levels of Structural Organization, in order from smallest to largest?
Chemical, Cellular, Tissue, Organ, System, Organismal
What are the eleven systems of the human body?
- Integumentary
- Skeletal
- Muscular
- Nervous
- Cardiovascular
- Respiratory
- Endocrine
- Lymphatic/Immune
- Urinary
- Digestive
- Reproductive
What are the 6 life processes in humans?
- Metabolism
- Responsiveness
- Movement
- Growth
- Differentiation
- Reproduction
What is Homeostasis?
A condition of relative equilibrium or balance in the body’s internal environment.
Does Homeostatis maintain a steady or a static internal state?
A steady internal state
What is the name of the fluid surrounding our body cells?
Extracellular Fluid (ECF)
Which 2 body systems are primarily responsible for Homeostatis?
The Nervous System & the Endocrine System
What are the 3 Components of a Feedback Loop?
- Receptor
- Integrating (Control) Centre
- Effector
Are most feedback systems in the body positive or negative?
Negative
Describe the anatomical position.
- Standing erect, facing the observer
- Arms placed at sides, with palms of hands turned forward
- Feet flat on floor, shoulder width apart
Using directional terms:
The fingers are _____ to the elbow.
Distal
Using directional terms:
The umbilical is ______ to the sternal.
Inferior
The antebrachial is _____ to the brachial.
Distal
What is the term for the backside in the anatomical position?
Posterior
The elbow is _____ between the wrist and shoulder.
Intermediate
The heart is _____ to the shoulder.
Medial
The skin is _______ to the skeletal bones.
Superficial
The skeletal bones are _____ to the skin.
Deep
Name these regions & quadrants.
