Test 1

Question 1

Define: Anatomy

Answer 1

The study of body structures

Question 2

Define: Physiology

Answer 2

The study of how body structures function.

Question 3

Describe the chemical level of structural organization.

Answer 3

Atoms and molecules.

Question 4

Describe the cellular level of organization.

Answer 4

Molecules combine to form cells.

Question 5

Describe the tissue level of organization.

Answer 5

Groups of cells and the stuff around them that perform a particular function.

Question 6

Describe the organ level of organization.

Answer 6

Different types of tissues are joined together. 2 or more.

Question 7

Describe the organismal level of organization.

Answer 7

Any living individual. All the parts in the body functioning together make the total organism.

Question 8

What is the function of the skeletal system and its organs?

Answer 8

Supports + protects the body, provides surface area for muscle attachments; aids body movements, houses cells that produce blood cells, stores minerals and lipids.

Skin.

Question 9

What is the function of the integumentary system and its organs?

Answer 9

Protects body, helps regulate temperature, eliminates some waste, helps make Vitamin D, detects sensations, stores fat, provides insulation.

Skin.

Question 10

What is the function of the muscular system and its organs?

Answer 10

Participates in body movements, maintain posture, produce heat.

Skeletal muscle tissue.

Question 11

What is the function of the nervous system and its organs?

Answer 11

Generates action potentials (nerve impulses) to regulate body activities, detects change in body’s internal & external environments, interprets changes - responds by muscular contractions or glandular secretions.

Brain, spinal cord, nerves, special sense organs (eyes+ears)

Question 12

What is the function of the endocrine system and its organs?

Answer 12

Regulates body’s activities by releasing hormones (chemical messengers transported in blood from endocrine or tissue to target organ).

Hormone producing glands.

Question 13

What is the function of the cardiovascular system and its organs?

Answer 13

Heart pumps blood through vessels, blood carries oxygen + nutrients to cells, CO2 + wastes away from cells. Helps regulate acid-base balance, temperature, water content of body fluids.

Heart, blood, blood vessels.

Question 14

What is the function of the Lymphatic/Immune system and its organs?

Answer 14

Returns proteins + fluid to blood, carries lipids from GI tract to blood, sites of maturation + proliferation of B + T cells to protect against disease microbes.

Lymphatic fluid, vessels, spleen, thymus, lymph nodes, tonsils.

Question 15

What is the function of the respiratory system and its organs?

Answer 15

Transfers O2 + CO2 to/from blood to/from air, air flowing out lungs through vocal cords makes sound.

Lungs, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchial tubes.

Question 16

What is the function of the digestive system and its organs?

Answer 16

Physical + chemical breakdown of food, absorbs nutrients, eliminates solid waste.

GI tract ( a long tube including mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small+large intestines, anus, salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, pancreas)

Question 17

What is the function of the urinary system and its organs?

Answer 17

Produces, stores, eliminates urine - eliminates waste + regulates volume + chemical composition of blood, helps regulate production of RBC.

Kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra.

Question 18

What is the function of the reproductive system and its organs?

Answer 18

Gonads produce gametes (balls = sperm) that unite to form a new organism. Gonads release hormones that regulate reproduction + other body processes. Mammary glands produce milk.

Gonads (testes + ovaries), uterine tubes, uterus, vagina, mammary glands, epididymis, ductus, deferens, seminal vesicles, prostate, penis.