Week 1

Question 1

3 sensory modalities

Answer 1

Somatosensation (body), vestibular, vision

Question 2

3 ways somatosensation helps with movement and what pathways do they take in CNS

Answer 2

1. Kinaesthesia/proprioception: a sense of positioning, velocity and load (Dorsal column medial lemniscal pathway)
2. Discriminative touch - manipulating tools (Dorsal column medial lemniscal pathway)
3. Pain/temperature- protective sensation to help avoid injury (spinothalamic tract)

Question 3

How does vestibular system help with movement?

Answer 3

Orientate head in relation to gravity

Question 4

How does the visual system help with movement?

Answer 4

Interact with the world and identify hazards

Question 5

How much % do we use for sensory input when we are standing?

Answer 5

Somatosensation (70%), vestibular (20%), vision (10%).

Question 6

When would the sensory weighting % change with movement?

Answer 6

If we are moving on surfaces we are not super familiar with, e.g., walking on sand = vision will increase to interpret new environment.

Question 7

What are the 5 test for outcome measures we use in this unit and what do each test measure?

Answer 7

10m walk test (time & steps) - gait speed

Berg balance scale (nominal scale /56) - balance (+ function)

5 times sit to stand (time) - time taken to stand up 5 times (guide to lower limb strength)

Times up and go (time) - general function (serial task, stand up > walk 3m > turn around > walk 3m > turn and sit

6 minute walk test (distance) - gait endurance

Question 8

Phases of movement

Answer 8

Preparation phase
* organisation of body segments in environment prior to major change in COM

Action phase
* Transition phase, movement of COM, key action for the task

Stabilisation phase
* Balance and organisation of segments in the new position