Week 1

Question 1

What is qualitative measurement?

Answer 1

1. Qualitative: a non-numeric (categorical) characteristic.
   Gender
   Place of birth
   Eye colour

Question 2

What is quantitative measurement?

Answer 2

2. Quantitative: a numeric characteristic.
    Discrete: number of students in a class, result from counting
    Continuous: kilometres travelled from home to university, result from measurement

Question 3

What is nominal-level data?

Answer 3

1. Nominal-level data
2. Observations can only be classified (labelled), no order relation available
3.  Colours of M&M’s candies

Question 4

What is Ordinal-level data?

Answer 4

2. Ordinal-level data
   - Observations can be classified (labelled) and ordered
   - Likert scale (Very Good/Good/Neither Good Nor Bad/Bad/Very Bad)

Question 5

What is interval-level data?

Answer 5

• Observations can be classified (labelled), ordered and the gaps among the different
  categories are meaningful however, 0 has no meaning and it is just a convenient starting
  point
• Temperature (on the Celsius or Fahrenheit scale. Kelvin scale is different – it has an a true zero heat of 0 K or – 273º C)

Question 6

What is Ratio-level data?

Answer 6

• Observations can be classified (labelled), ordered and the gaps among the different
  categories are meaningful and 0 has a proper meaning (i.e., absence of something)
• Money in a bank account

Question 7

Similarities between Nominal and Ordinal data?

Answer 7

Nominal and Ordinal levels are associated with Qualitative data

Question 8

Similarities between interval and ratio data?

Answer 8

Interval and Ratio levels are associated with Quantitative data