WEEK 1 Flashcards
Why is it problematic to refer to women in the criminal justice system solely as ‘offenders’?
It creates a broader distance between ‘us’ and ‘them’ and overlooks the complexities of their involvement in the system.
What are women in the criminal justice system often criminalized for?
Violating social norms rather than simply breaking the law.
What does the Wheel of Power/Privilege represent?
It shows the intersectionality of various inequalities such as gender, skin color, formal education, sexuality, and neurodiversity.
What are the three main components of the Canadian criminal justice system (CJS)?
Policing, Court Systems, and Corrections.
What are the four levels of policing in Canada?
Federal, provincial, municipal, and Indigenous policing.
How much did policing cost in 2018-2019?
Nearly sixteen billion dollars.
Why is the relationship between Indigenous communities and the RCMP strained?
The RCMP played a significant role in colonial practices, which affects current relations.
How many levels of courts exist in Canada (excluding Nunavut)?
Four levels.
Which courts deal with most criminal cases?
Provincial and territorial courts.
What are the two levels of corrections in Canada?
Provincial/territorial and federal.
What is the main difference between provincial and federal corrections?
Provincial/territorial sentences are less than two years, while federal sentences are two years or more.
What percentage of federally sentenced people are women?
7.5%.
What percentage of admissions to provincial/territorial custody are women?
15%.
Why is crime considered a predominantly male endeavor?
Men commit more violent crimes, assaults, and white-collar crimes, and they have more opportunities to commit crimes.
What percentage of the Canadian population are women?
50.4%.
In 2019, what proportion of persons accused of police-reported crimes were women?
1 in 4 (25%).
How do women justify their criminal behavior similarly to men?
They may use neutralization techniques to justify, rationalize, or excuse their actions.
What are the most common offences committed by women?
Drug-related crimes (possession, trafficking, etc.) and property crimes.
What percentage of women’s criminal charges are drug-related?
18%.
What percentage of all cases completed in court are crimes against property?
25%.
What proportion of people convicted of property crimes are women?
1 in 5.
What financial crimes are women more likely to commit?
Fraud (e.g., writing bad cheques, credit card fraud) and shoplifting.
What percentage of fraud cases involve women?
Just under 30%.
Why are women less likely to commit break and enter?
It is highly personal, dangerous, and often violent.
