week 1 Flashcards
What is information systems analysis and design?
A structured process used by professionals to develop and maintain information systems.
What is application software?
Software designed to support a specific business function or process.
Who is responsible for information systems analysis and design?
A Systems Analyst.
What are present-day trends in system development?
Focus on Internet-based systems, cloud computing, mobile access, and assembling off-the-shelf components.
What is the Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC)?
A structured approach to developing, maintaining, and replacing information systems.
What are the phases of the SDLC?
Planning, Analysis, Design, Implementation, testing and Maintenance.
What happens in the planning phase of the SDLC?
Identify system needs, prioritize them, and create a baseline project plan.
What occurs in the analysis phase of the SDLC?
Gather and analyze user requirements to propose system solutions.
What are logical and physical design in the SDLC?
Logical design outlines system structure independent of technology; physical design defines specific hardware and software implementations.
What is the implementation phase in the SDLC?
Coding, testing, and deploying the system for use.
What is the maintenance phase of the SDLC?
Ongoing system improvements and fixes based on evolving organizational needs.
What is the traditional waterfall model in SDLC?
A linear process where each phase must be completed before moving to the next.
What is the main drawback of the waterfall model?
Difficult and costly to go back to previous phases for changes.
What are agile methodologies?
Flexible development approaches that prioritize adaptability, collaboration, and working software over rigid planning.
What are the key values of the Agile Manifesto?
Individuals and interactions, working software, customer collaboration, and responding to change.
When should agile methodologies be used?
When requirements are dynamic, teams are motivated, and customers are actively involved.
What is Scrum?
An agile framework for managing projects using iterative development cycles called Sprints.
What are the three roles in a Scrum team?
Product Owner, Development Team, Scrum Master.
What is a Sprint in Scrum?
A 2-4 week development cycle with a defined goal, daily stand-ups, and review meetings.
What is the Product Backlog in Scrum?
A list of all system requirements prioritized for development.
What is the Sprint Backlog in Scrum?
A subset of the Product Backlog selected for a single Sprint.
What is an Increment in Scrum?
A functional piece of the system completed at the end of a Sprint.
What percentage of companies use Scrum?
87% of companies use Scrum for agile development.
What challenges exist when implementing agile methodologies?
Requires organizational buy-in, training, and overcoming resistance to change.
