Week 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Anthropocene

A

Period of increasing human impact on ecosystems of the planet

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2
Q

Anthropology

A

study of humanity across time and space (very broad study), anthropologist tell the stories of humanity.

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3
Q

4 fields of anthropology

A

biological
Archeology
cultural
Linguistic

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4
Q

Biological anthropology

A

Study origins and biological diversity, include forensics, history and environments of humans

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5
Q

Archeology anth

A

use artifacts and fossils

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6
Q

Cultural anth

A

thoughts, feelings, actions, history, of people in diff cultures.

May live and adopt the ways of a culture (fieldwork) and write an ethnography (study of the culture)

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7
Q

Linguistic anth

A

study language history, how shapes us, etc.

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8
Q

Ethnocentrism

A

When ppl pf a culture think that their culture is the best

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9
Q

Enculturation

A

When you acquire a particular culture from living in it (it shaping you)

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10
Q

Primitivism

A

When you view other cultures as primitive. A lot of Americans and Europeans held this view

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11
Q

Orientalism

A

Often held by Europeans or Americans and depicts stereotypes the people of Asia.

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12
Q

Holism

A

study all aspects of anthropology and relations (of the 4 areas of anthro)

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13
Q

Cultural relativism

A
  • cultures should be judged based on their own values rather than judged by standards of another
  • takes into account an insider (emic) view on a culture. put your bias aside
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14
Q

Functionalism

A

interconnected parts have a function to maintain social stability

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15
Q

Structuralism

A

how structures determine culture and change behaviour (but flawed that doesn’t talk about how ppl change the structure)

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16
Q

Symbolic and interpretative anthro

A

Culture is a way of thinking, not about structures. We interpret things differently depending on our culture.

17
Q

Postmodernism/fem anthro/critical theory

A

Looks at power relations, and culture is changing and constructed

18
Q

Practice theory

A

Habitus - way of being

  • we shape our cultures but our cultures also shape us
19
Q

Edward Taylor says

A

cultures pass through stages of development (flawed that it can undermine other cultures labelling them as less developed)

19
Q

Franz Boas says

A

Cultures develop in different directions based on social and environmental conditions (more progressive view)

20
Q

Recent views on culture

A

culture is socially constructed, complex and a whole working system.

21
Q

Culture

A

set of beliefs, practices, symbols that are learned and shared and binds ppl

22
Q

Holistic view in anthropology

A

social, cultural environmental aspects and relationships

23
Q

contextual view in anthropology

Context and Frame

A
  • Context/frame - everything relevant (context) that surrounds an issue
24
Q

socialization

A

learn behaviour in culture

25
Q

culture transformation

A

pass on norms traditions stories etc.

26
Q

Relativism

A
27
Q

Emic perspective vs Etic perspective

A

Emic - understand culture from an insiders perspective

Etic - outsiders view (can be used for cross cultural comparisons e.g.)

28
Q

Critiques of cultural relativism

A
  • underrepresent marginalised groups
  • moral questions