Week 1 Flashcards
Who are physical therapists?
Health professionals that diagnose and manage movement dysfunction relating to restoration, maintenance, and promotion of optimal health and wellbeing
What do PTs do?
Design and implement customized plan of care in collaboration with the patient to base it on the patient’s diagnosis, prognosis, and goals
What are the levels of care?
1) Primary care: provision of integrated, accessible health-care services by clinicians who are accountable for addressing a large majority of personal health-care needs, developing a sustained partnership with patients, and practicing within the context of family and community.
Ex: Family Physicians
2) Secondary care: care provided to patients who are initially treated by other practitioners and then referred to specialists/physical therapists.
3) Tertiary care: care provided to patients in highly specialized, complex, and technology-based settings (e.g., burn units) or in response to requests of other health-care practitioners for consultation and specialized services.
What are levels of prevention?
1) Primary prevention: prevents target condition in a susceptible population
Ex: General health efforts
2) Secondary prevention: decreases the duration or severity of a condition through early diagnosis and prompt intervention
3) Tertiary prevention: limits the degree of disability and promotes rehabilitation and restoration of function in patients with chronic and irreversible diseases.
Ex: Preventing another condition/complication from developing as a result of the original chronic condition
What is Health Promotion & Wellness
Health promotion: any effort, on an individual or community level, that increases health awareness
Wellness: includes all dimensions of one’s like physical, emotional, and spiritual health, as well as social connectivity
Define Clinical reasoning
Thinking and decision making process that is:
1) Context dependent reasoning
2) multidimensional in collaboration with the patient, caregiver, and health care team
3) Evidence driven by utilizing information about the patient, the task, and the setting
Define Decision making
It is a shared process between the clinician and patient. Each of them brings their characteristics including their beliefs and biases, preferences, and values.
What are possible outcomes in decision as a PT?
1) Refer: other PTs or medical professionals
2) Co-manage: in collaboration with other health care professionals
3) Consult: gain insight from other PTs or medical professionals
4) Direct/supervise (retain): developing and acting upon a plan of care
What are the components of patient management?
Evaluation/Diagnosis
Examination
Prognosis
Systems review
History
Plan of care
Outcome
What are movement systems?
A collection of systems that interact to move the body or its parts
1) Endocrine
2) Cardiovascular
3) Nervous
4) Pulmonary
5) Musculoskeletal
6) Integumentary
What can an initial patient interview accomplish?
During the interview, the PT can ask closed ended (YES/NO) or open ended questions to learn the patient’s:
history
current health status (also obtained from medical record)
Goals
This established understanding, rapport, and mutual trust
What is the purpose of examination?
To collect baseline data on participation and activity informing evaluation, diagnosis, and prognosis to determine clinical outcomes
What is an evaluation?
Interpretation of movement analysis and tests and measures, along with other history/examination data, to arrive at working hypotheses
What is a PTs diagnosis?
PT diagnosis is typically made at the impairment, activity, and participation levels. In contrast, the medical diagnosis refers to the identification of a disease, disorder, or condition (pathology/pathophysiology) primarily at the cellular, tissue, or organ level.
Ex: PT diagnosis, Dependent mobility and ADL with impaired motor function and sensory integrity affecting the left non dominant side
Define prognosis
The likely outcome of a condition represented by a synthesis that is based on an understanding of the examination findings, health condition, foundational knowledge, theory, evidence, and experience.