Week 1 Flashcards
Give a rough definition of an intervention
- a relationship aimed a promoting a better adaption of the individual to a situation - optimizing resources RE autonomy, self-knowledge and self-help
Psychodynamic approaches focus on what 3 key areas?
- unconscious processes (conflicts, motivations, thought patterns, behaviour)
- childhood experiences
- past experiences and relationships
Who are the four prominent psychodynamic theorists?
Jung
Freud
Adler
Klein
What are the 4 key focus areas of CBT?
- learning processes
- coping skills
- irrational beliefs
- problem solving skills
Name 4 well known Cog-Behavioural Approaches
- Behaviour Therapy
- Rational emotive therapy
- Cognitive Behavioural Therapy
- Multimodal therapy
What are the 4 key focuses of Humanistic Approaches to therapy
- the client’s potential
- importance of growth
- self-actualization
- the whole person in their uniqueness
Name 4 popular humanistic approaches
- PC/Rogerian
- Gestalt
- Existential Counselling
- Transactional Analysis
Postmodern Approaches to therapy believes that problems are…
socially constructed
Name 3 big schools of Postmodern Approaches
- Solution-Focused Therapy
- Narrative Therapy
- Integrative Therapy
What are 5 key distinctions between counselling and therapy?
- Pathology vs ED problems
- Analytic vs problem solving
- LT vs ST
- Masters vs Honours
- Theory derived brand name (“CBT”) vs context-based approach (“bereavement counselling”)
Name the 5 stages of the therapeutic continuum
- Catharsis
- PyschoED
- Supportive Therapy
- Insight-oriented Therapy
- Self-Actualization Therapy
Cathy Put Sanele In Self-Actualization therapy
As stages progress along the therapeutic continuum, they….
- require more complex skill levels from the therapist, and offer greater changes to the clients
What are the basic skills required for the first stage of the therapeutic continuum, Catharsis?
Basic skills - active listening, presence, rapport building, empathy
Give 5 reasons a client may not come back after the first session
- They do not realize the cathartic relief is temporary
- They are not prepared to address deeper issues
- They do not understand how counselling works
- Counsellor did not create a safe space
- They are unable to attend for practical reasons
What is the goal of the second stage of the therapeutic continuum, PsychoEd?
- acceptance
- participation
- coping strategies
PsychEd aims to achieve what 4 things?
- understanding of condition
- avoiding stressors
- know warning signs of relapse
- lifestyle changes
Give the 4 key aspects of Supportive therapy (third on TC)?
- creating a safe space
- acknowledgement
- validation
- encouragement
CAVE
What are the two main objectives of supportive therapy (3rd on TC)?
- help maintain a healthy level of functioning during challenges
- help improve their level of functioning by increasing resilience
What is the goal of insight-oriented therapy? (the forth stage of the TC)
- helps client’s understand how relationships impact our experiences/understanding, and how we influence our relationship
What is the aim of the final stage of the TC, Self-Ac Therapy?
Help client’s develop towards their full potential rather than solving specific problems
*based on Rogerian theory that people pursue their own personal growth when allowed to
What are the 4 types of assessment one can use with clients?
- clinical assessment (presentation + MSE)
- collateral info
- testing
- social determinants
Name the 5Ps of case formulation
- Presenting
- Predisposing
- Precipitating
- Perpetuating
- Protective
- Can fall in Bio/Psycho/Social areas
What are three important elements of a successful therapeutic alliance?
- client and counsellor agree to goals
- client and counsellor agree on how to achieve these goals => tasks involved
- there is a relationship (bond) between the client and counsellor
Describe what a therapeutic stance is
- the attitude/approach the (RC) assumes to guide the therapeutic relationship
*(is influenced by the modality being used)
Outline the 4 main areas of COMPETENCY concern:
- maintaining competency
CPD, consultation etc - extraordinary circumstances
violate scope in emergency - adding new competencies
consult other professionals, obtain edu/training (inform clients of innovative nature and associated risks) - personal impairment
if counsellor is impaired they should:
1. refrain from pro activities that they cannot do competently
2. seek assistance to prevent impaired performance
3. seek guidance as to limiting/suspending pro duties
What is important to be mindful of in the psychoeducation phase of the therapeutic continuum?
The the client may know already - they may have more resources than you think, as what they know, helps them not feel patronized
An important consideration when engaging in supportive therapy is…
to pre-empt dependence, set appropriate boundaries and help them build up other support systems
List 7 core competencies of a counsellor
- under supervision
- reflective practice
- therapist well-being
- personal therapy
- CPD
- cultural humility
- intuition
=> CUP CIRT
List 5 benefits of supervision
- learn and consult
- monitor development
- ID strength and weaknesses
- outsider perspective
- alerts to ethical/professional issues
Reflective practice is helpful in developing our capabilities, they are rewarding, effective and part of ethical practices.
List 4 types of reflection:
- simple reflection (think abt own actions)
- collaborative reflection (in groups)
- critical reflection (soc discourse etc)
- reflexivity (deeper, values and biases understanding)
List 6 ways of maintaining well-being as a counsellor
- maintaining humor, objectivity and perspective
- leisure and physical activity
- supervisors and supportive environments
- consult with supervisors in difficult cases
- CPD
- Personal therapy
List 4 of the benefits to attending personal therapy as a counsellor
- gain skills and life perspective
- experience the confidential relationship
- explore impact of one’s own life on professional practice
- experience different modalities and techniques
List 3 ways counsellors can achieve CPD
- workshops/training courses etc
- reading journals and books
- consulting with collegues and experts
Why is cultural humility necessary in counselling?
- cultural impacts a clients psychosocial environment. Do not assume they are living with the same lenses you are. Be mindful of test bias and limitations of assessment practices.
