Week 1 Flashcards
1st Principle of adult development: continuous changes over the lifespan. Explain the continuity principle
changes that people experience in later adulthood is
influenced by their earlier experiences
Biopsychosocial perspective: explain what each sub category focuses on
Biological- psychical changes and genetics
Psychological- cognition, personality, emotions
Sociocultural- social context, history, culture
Continuity principle also applies to
This also applies to ones own identity, a personal appearance might change but
he or she still feels the same
Principle 2: only survivors grow old- survivor principle
people who live to old age are those who manage to
outlive the many threats that could have caused their death earlier
Principle 2: biological, psych, and social view:
- Biological: good genes and maintained physical ability
- Psych: cognitively and emotionally healthy
- Social: good social support system
Principle 3: individuality matters: describe intra-differences and inter-differences
Inter-individual differences: differences between people
Intra-individual differences: variation within
Normal aging is different from disease. Name and explain the 4 types of aging.
o Primary aging (normal aging)- normal age-related changes
o Secondary aging- disease-related impairments
o Tertiary aging- rapid decline shortly before death
o Optimal aging- changes that improve the individual’s functioning
The meaning of age: Emerging adult involves
Physical development
- Drinking driving marriage
- Social expectations for adult
- 18 or 19 years of age
Division of age over 65:
Young-old- 65-74
o Old-old- 75-84
o Oldest-old- 85 and older
o Centenarians (100-109)
o Super-centenarians (110 and up)
What is biological age?
cardiovascular functioning, respiratory, muscles and bone
strength, cellular aging
What is psychological age?
reaction time, memory, learning ability, intelligence
What is social age:
work roles, family status, position in the community
Personal vs. social aging:
Personal aging- changes that occur within the individual, reflecting times
effects on the body
Social aging- effects of persons exposure to the changing environment
Categories of influence: Narrative age-graded influences
people choose experiences that their
culture and historical period attach to certain ages or points in the lifespan
Normative history- graded influences-
events that occur for everyone within
a certain culture or geopolitical unit (regardless of age) and include large
scale occurrences
non-normative influences-
random idiosyncratic events that occur
throughout life
4 key factors in adult development and aging:
Sex and Gender
Ethnicity
Socioeconomic Status (SES)
Religion
What is the GINI coefficient?
index of income inequality in a given economy
What is the sex ratio:
the age-sex structure provides a quick snapshot of the changing pop
WHat is the population pyramid:
pyramid: age sex pyramid, graphic illustration of population
by age and sex group
What is life expectancy?
the average number of years of life remaining to the
people born within a similar period of time
What is lifespan?
the max age for a given species
health adjusted life expectancies
the number of years a person could expect
to live in good health if current mortality and morbidity rates persist
Compression of morbidity
the illness burden to a society can be reduced if
people become disabled closer to the time of their death
Age distribution in canada:
more adults than children
