Week 1

Question 1

1st Principle of adult development: continuous changes over the lifespan. Explain the continuity principle

Answer 1

changes that people experience in later adulthood is
influenced by their earlier experiences

Question 2

Biopsychosocial perspective: explain what each sub category focuses on

Answer 2

 Biological- psychical changes and genetics
 Psychological- cognition, personality, emotions
 Sociocultural- social context, history, culture

Question 3

Continuity principle also applies to

Answer 3

This also applies to ones own identity, a personal appearance might change but
he or she still feels the same

Question 4

Principle 2: only survivors grow old- survivor principle

Answer 4

people who live to old age are those who manage to
outlive the many threats that could have caused their death earlier

Question 5

Principle 2: biological, psych, and social view:

Answer 5

• Biological: good genes and maintained physical ability
• Psych: cognitively and emotionally healthy
• Social: good social support system

Question 6

Principle 3: individuality matters: describe intra-differences and inter-differences

Answer 6

Inter-individual differences: differences between people

Intra-individual differences: variation within

Question 7

Normal aging is different from disease. Name and explain the 4 types of aging.

Answer 7

o Primary aging (normal aging)- normal age-related changes
o Secondary aging- disease-related impairments
o Tertiary aging- rapid decline shortly before death
o Optimal aging- changes that improve the individual’s functioning

Question 8

The meaning of age: Emerging adult involves

Answer 8

Physical development
- Drinking driving marriage
- Social expectations for adult
- 18 or 19 years of age

Question 9

Division of age over 65:

Answer 9

Young-old- 65-74
o Old-old- 75-84
o Oldest-old- 85 and older
o Centenarians (100-109)
o Super-centenarians (110 and up)

Question 10

What is biological age?

Answer 10

cardiovascular functioning, respiratory, muscles and bone
strength, cellular aging

Question 11

What is psychological age?

Answer 11

reaction time, memory, learning ability, intelligence

Question 12

What is social age:

Answer 12

work roles, family status, position in the community

Question 13

Personal vs. social aging:

Answer 13

Personal aging- changes that occur within the individual, reflecting times
effects on the body
 Social aging- effects of persons exposure to the changing environment

Question 14

Categories of influence: Narrative age-graded influences

Answer 14

people choose experiences that their
culture and historical period attach to certain ages or points in the lifespan

Question 15

Normative history- graded influences-

Answer 15

events that occur for everyone within
a certain culture or geopolitical unit (regardless of age) and include large
scale occurrences

Question 16

non-normative influences-

Answer 16

random idiosyncratic events that occur
throughout life

Question 17

4 key factors in adult development and aging:

Answer 17

 Sex and Gender
 Ethnicity
 Socioeconomic Status (SES)
 Religion

Question 18

What is the GINI coefficient?

Answer 18

index of income inequality in a given economy

Question 19

What is the sex ratio:

Answer 19

the age-sex structure provides a quick snapshot of the changing pop

Question 20

WHat is the population pyramid:

Answer 20

pyramid: age sex pyramid, graphic illustration of population
by age and sex group

Question 21

What is life expectancy?

Answer 21

the average number of years of life remaining to the
people born within a similar period of time

Question 22

What is lifespan?

Answer 22

the max age for a given species

Question 23

health adjusted life expectancies

Answer 23

the number of years a person could expect
to live in good health if current mortality and morbidity rates persist

Question 24

Compression of morbidity

Answer 24

the illness burden to a society can be reduced if
people become disabled closer to the time of their death

Question 25

Age distribution in canada:

Answer 25

more adults than children