Week 1 (1-25)

Question 1

Question 1. According to STP - What are the 3 Golden rules to follow when applying foam?

Answer 1

• Do not begin to apply foam unless you have enough to extinguish the fire or cover the fuel spill
• Point branch away from fire until good finished foam is being produced
• You cannot mix different foam concentrates

Question 2

Question 2. According to STP - List 3 hazards/considerations when using CAFS at a structure fire.

Answer 2

• CAFS hose lines have a build up of pressure when the branch is closed, this causes a larger jet reaction than a standard hose
• Slug flow – When the proportion of foam, air and water is wrong. It will cause the finished foam to “shudder” or “pulsate” as it is exiting the branch
• Does not contain enough water for internal attack

Question 3

Question 3. According to STP - List 5 actions to take when combatting a natural gas leak with no fire involved.

Answer 3

• Structural PPE and SCBA
• Evacuate all persons from the immediate area
• Remove all sources of ignition
• Respond Gas company
• Only use intrinsically safe equipment
• Dampen ground around the site of the gas release to prevent static electricity
• Keep protection line in place using fog
• If possible, crimp line to stop release of gas

Question 4

Question 4.  According to STP - Acetylene is a very volatile gas, exploding cylinders can penetrate double brick walls or metal freight containers & land 200m away. How many hours after the cylinder is removed from the fire or heat source, if it is not cooled, can this explosion occur?

Answer 4

Up to 24 Hours

Question 5

Question 5. According to STP - When reading a fire, we need indicators to base our decisions on, what are the most important indicators?

Answer 5

B-SAHF

Building – Smoke, Air Track, Heat and Flame

Question 6

Question 6. According to STP - What techniques enable us to control the interior environment during a structure fire?

Answer 6

Gas cooling and hose stream techniques

Question 7

Question 7. According to STP - List 2 common hose laying techniques that can be used by firefighters?

Answer 7

• S Lay
• Cleavland Load

Question 8

Question 14. As stated in the Standing Orders, to avoid serious accidents at intersections when responding to an emergency, What actions should drivers of responding vehicles approaching a stop sign or red signal take?

Answer 8

• Drivers of responding vehicles approaching a stop sign or red signal light must slow down and enter the intersection at a speed of not more than 8 kph. Having assessed the traffic conditions, and determined that it is safe to proceed, the driver may then continue across the intersection.

Question 9

Question 15. According to Standing Orders, when are seatbelts required to be worn when travelling in FRNSW vehicles (including tankers)?

All Fire and Rescue NSW employees are required to wear a seat belt, properly adjusted, when travelling in Fire and Rescue NSW vehicles. Any member travelling on a vehicle (including a water tanker) is to be seated inside the vehicle and must wear a seat belt

Answer 9

At all times

Question 10

Question 16. According to Standing Orders, with no impact of the service delivery, List the procedures to be followed if drivers of FRNSW vehicles are involved in an accident.

Answer 10

• Station Commanders and supervisors must complete an Agency member motor vehicle claim form and submit to Duty Commander with a covering memo explaining how he accident occured
• Duty Commander to be underake initial investigation
• Fleet Management with process the insurance claim
• Complete NIIENM if required

Question 11

Question 18. According to STP -The National Construction Code classes buildings “Class 1” through to “Class 10”. The class of building is a measure of the buildings likely:  List these four points.

Answer 11

• use;
• fire load;
• population; and
• mobility of the occupants, such as whether they are sleeping or alert

Question 12

Question 19. According to the Fire Investigation toolkit on the Intranet, when should you request FIRU for assistance?

Answer 12

· There has been a loss of life at a fire, or a person is not expected to live from their injuries, or

· The fire is considered major (i.e. 4th Alarm or above, significant community impact or unusual fire behaviour), or

· The Origin and Cause of the fire is not apparent.

Question 13

Question 20. As listed in STP - What form populated by firefighters gives the Fire Investigator a summary of firefighter actions at an incident.

Answer 13

SOFA FORM (Summary of Firefighter Actions).

Question 14

Question 21. STP - Details how a structure fire will burn within one of two burning regimes. List and describe the regimes.  

Answer 14

Fuel Controlled - In this initial phase of fire development the fire grows as a direct function of the fuel itself with little or no influence from the compartment environment. ie. The size, shape or number of openings. If we continue to add fuel the fire will grow in size. If we remove fuel, the fire will decrease in size. Therefore fires with more than enough air for combustion are said to be Fuel Controlled.

Ventilation Controlled - Most structure fires will reach a stage where fire development and the Heat Release Rate (HRR) is now dictated by the availability of oxygen. This occurs during a fully developed fire when the fire is pyrolyzing more fuel than can be burnt with the available oxygen in the compartment. It will also occur prior to this if the enclosure has insufficient openings. Simply put, fire growth (and HRR) is limited by the available air (O2) supply.

Question 15

Question 22. STP - Identifies the search priority in multi storey buildings, list the priorities.

Answer 15

• The fire floor
• The floor above and
• The top floor

Question 16

Question 23. STP - Outlines when a working at a task/tactical level and a firefighter becomes trapped, injured missing or overdue. What message should be sent to draw attention to the situation? 

Answer 16

Mayday Message

Question 17

Question 24 According to STP - When is an Incident Management System required to be used at incidents FRNSW attends?

Answer 17

Every Incident that FRNSW attends

Question 18

Question 25. According to STP -There are eight strategic functions of command the Incident Commander needs to address. List all eight.

Answer 18

1. Deployment
2. Command
3. Situation evaluation
4. Incident action planning
5. Incident communications
6. Incident structure
7. Review and revision
8. Escalation and de-escalation

Question 19

Question 26. According to STP - At every incident there must be a steady, adequate, and timely stream of resources.  Who is the only person to deploy resources at an incident? 

Answer 19

The Incident Commander

Question 20

Question 27. A driver in a road tunnel noticed smoke coming from the engine compartment of their car and immediately pulled into the emergency break down bay and called 000. The Tunnel Control Centre closed the tunnel allowing attending fire crews access to extinguish the fire. Peak hour traffic is starting to build at the entrance to the tunnel and thick smoke is throughout. List the Smoke Management Systems found in road tunnels that could assist in clearing the smoke?

Answer 20

• longitudinal ventilation (jet fans)
• ducted ventilation
• natural ventilation
• a combination of the above.

Question 21

Question 28. According to SOGs -As an incident develops and crews become fatigued, they will need to be rested. Name and describe the two ways crews can be rested.

Answer 21

• Recycle – Crew stops work for a short period just outside the Hot Zone, to rest, rehydrate, and replenish air cylinders if relevant. They remain accountable to IC or Sector, Group or Division commander (SGD Commander), as per the incident structure.
• Full rehabilitation – Crew is released and moves to the rehabilitation area. Once there, they are accountable to a Rehabilitation Officer.

Question 22

Question 29. According to SOGs - List and describe the three incident phases.

Answer 22

• Life at risk phase – where there are savable human lives. The incident is uncontrolled and requires rapid actions to control the risks to life.
• Expanding phase – where the incident is uncontrolled and likely to expand. It requires rapid actions to control risks to life and property.
• Contained phase – there are sufficient resources to contain the incident within the defined area. There is no life at risk, or life or property have already been lost.

Question 23

Question 30. According to Standing Orders who are the people authorised to ride on FRNSW appliances?

Answer 23

• firefighters in the course of their duty;
• employees of Fire and Rescue NSW whose duty requires their attendance at an emergency;
• members of other emergency services at the discretion of the member in charge; or
• other persons authorised by the Commissioner.

Question 24

Question 32. According to STP - List and describe three ways foam controls and extinguishes fire.

Answer 24

• Excluding the fire’s supply of oxygen (smothering)
• Suppressing flammable vapours to stop them from igniting
• Cooling the surface temperature to prevent re-ignition

Question 25

Question 33. According to STP – What are the characteristics of liquid petroleum gas?

Answer 25

• ODOURLESS
• COLOURLESS
• HEAVIER THAN AIR