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Plant Science > Weed Science > Flashcards

Weed Science Flashcards

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0
Q

Giant Hogweed

A

Heracleum mantegazzianum
Apiaceae
Perennial

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1
Q

Redroot Pigweed

A

Amaranthus retroflexus
Amaranthaceae
Annual

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2
Q

Hardhack

A

Spiraea tormentosa
Rosaceae
Perennial

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3
Q

Lamb’s Quarters

A

Chenopodium album
Chenopodiaceae
Annual

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4
Q

Yellow Toadflax

A

Linaria Vulgaris
Scrophlariaceae
Perennial

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5
Q

Purple Loosestrife

A

Lythrum salicaria
Lythraceae
Perennial
Square stem

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6
Q

Bracken Fern

A

Pteridium aquilinum
Dennstaedtiaceae
Perennial

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7
Q

Field Horsetail

A

Equisetum arvense
Equisetaceae
Perennial

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8
Q

Corn Spurry

A

Spergula arvensis
Caryophyllaceae
Summer or Winter Annual

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9
Q

Hedge Bindweed

A

Calystegia sepum
Convolvulaceae
Perennial

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10
Q

Mouse-eared chickweed

A

Cerastium vulgatum
Caryophyllaceae
Perennial
Slightly furry leaves

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11
Q

Black Nightshade

A

Solanum nigrum
Solanceae
Perennial

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12
Q

Japanese Knotweed

A

Fallopia japonica
Polygonaceae
Perennial

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13
Q

Yellow Flag Iris

A

Iris pseudocorus
Iridaceae
Perennial

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14
Q

Prostrate Knotweed

A

Polygonum aviculare
Polygonaceae
Annual

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15
Q

Broadleaf dock

A

Rumex obtusifolius
Polygonaceae
Perennial

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16
Q

Sheep Sorrel

A

Rumex acetosella
Polygonaceae
Annual OR Perennial

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17
Q

Wild Buckwheat

A

Polygonum Convolvulus
Polygonaceae
Annual
Sandpapery texture

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18
Q

Stinkweed

A

Thlaspi arvense
Brassicaceae
Annual

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19
Q

Stork’s Bill

A

Erodium circutarium
Geraniaceae
Annual

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20
Q

Hedge Mustard

A

Sisymbrium officiniale
Brassicaceae
Annual

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21
Q

Shepherd’s Purse

A

Capsella bursa-pastoris
Brassicaceae
Annual

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22
Q

Hoary Alyssum

A

Berteroa incana
Brassicaceae
Annual or Perennial

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23
Q

Little bittercress

A

Cardamine oligosperma
Brassicaceae
Annual or Biennial

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24
Q

Wild Radish

A

Raphanus raphanistrum
Brassicaceae
Annual

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25
Q

Creeping Yellow Cress

A

Rorippa sylvestris
Brassicaceae
Perennial
Slightly ragged or pinnate look

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26
Q

Common mullein

A

Verbascum thapsus
Scropulariaceae
Biennial

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27
Q

Lady’s thumb

A 
Polygonum persicaria
Polygonaceae
Annual
OR Persicaria maculosa
Hairy ligules
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28
Q

Foxtail barley

A

Hordeum jubatum
Poaceae
Perennial

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29
Q

St. John’s Wort

A

Hypericum perforatum
Hypericaceae
Perennial
Slight perforations around margin of leaf

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30
Q

Petty Spurge

A

Euphorbia peplus
Euphorbiaceae
Annual

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31
Q

Stinging nettle

A

Urtica dioica
Urticaceae
Perennial

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32
Q

Common mallow

A

Malva neglecta
Malvaceae
Annual to short perennial

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33
Q

Fireweed

A

Epilobium angustifolium
Onagraceae
Perennial
OR Chamerion angustifolium

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34
Q

Purslane

A

Portulaca oleracea
Portulacaceae
Annual

35
Q

Green foxtail

A

Setaria viridis
Poaceae
Annual

36
Q

Barnyard Grass

A

Echinochloa crusgali
Poaceae
Annual
No fur!

37
Q

Annual bluegrass

A

Poa annua
Poaceae
Annual

38
Q

Green Smartweed

A 
Polygonum scabrum or lapathifolium
Polygonaceae
Annual
OR Persicaria lapathifolium
No hair on ligules
39
Q

Large crabgrass

A

Digitaria sangulinalis
Poaceae
Annual

40
Q

Quackgrass

A

Agropyron repensi
Poaceae
Perennial
Only hairy on upper leaf, presence of auricles

41
Q

Witchgrass

A

Panicum capillare
Poaceae
Annual
Has hair!

42
Q

Smooth crabgrass

A

Digitaria ischaemum
Poaceae
Annual

43
Q

Himalayan Blackberry

A

Rubus armeniacus
Roasaceae
Perennial

44
Q

Downy Brome

A

Bromus tectorum
Poaceae
Annual
Very hairy leaves, twisting leaves

45
Q

Distinguish Lady’s Thumb and Green Smartweed (Give scientific names)

A

Lady’s Thumb (Polygonum persicaria) has hairy ligules and is often spotted with pink flowers while Green Smartweed (Polygonum scabrum) has smooth ligules, no spots, and white flowers.

46
Q

Distinguish Common Chickweed and Mouse-eared Chickweed.

A

Common Chickweed (Stellaria media) is an annual with relatively smooth leaves whereas Mouse-eared Chickweed is a perennial with fuzzy leaves.

47
Q

Distinguish Hedge Bindweed and Wild Buckwheat

A

Hedge Bindweed (Calystegia sepium) is a perennial with large white flowers (fused corolla) whereas Wild Buckwheat is an annual with smaller flowers and a sandpapery texture to the leaves.

48
Q

Distinguish Creeping Yellow Cress and Little Bittercress

A

Little bittercress (Cardamine oligosperma) is an annual and has smoother, kidney-shaped leaves arranged alternately as pinna whereas Creeping Yellow Cress (Rorippa sylvestris) is a perennial with slightly more ragged margins and the leaves are fused to the stipe.

49
Q

Distinguish Witchgrass and Barnyard Grass

A

Witchgrass (Panicum capillare) is hairy along the stem and the inflorescence resembles a broom. Barnyard grass is smooth.

50
Q

Reed Canary Grass

A

Phalaris arundinaceae
Poaceae
Perennial
45 degree angle leaves

51
Q

Distinguish Downy Brome and Quackgrass

A

Downy Brome (Bromus tectorum) is an annual with no auricles but a large jagged ligule and is slightly fuzzy with twisting leaves. Quackgrass is a perennial with auricles and only has a slight bit of hair on the upper surface.

52
Q

Name and differentiate Green Foxtail and Barnyard Grass.

A

Green Foxtail (Setaria viridis) is an annual with an upright growth pattern and bristled inflorescence, whereas Barnyard Grass (Echinochloa crus-galli) is an annual with a low growth pattern and smooth inflorescence.

53
Q

Compare and differentiate Redroot Pigweed and Broadleaf Dock

A

Redroot Pigweed is an annual with reddish stems near the roots, sparsely hairy leaves, and numerous green spikes (inflorescence). Broadleaf dock is a perennial with green stems, smooth, yet wrinkly leaves (mostly basal).

54
Q

Distinguish Shepherd’s Purse, Stinkweed, and Wild radish.

A

Shepherd’s Purse has heart-shaped fruits and rosette leaves are lobed (shallow or deep) whereas stem leaves are sessile. Stinkweed has lilypad shaped seed pods and whole, stalked,
rosette leaves with slightly wavy margins.
Wild Radish has deeply divided rosette leaves, leguminous seed pods.

55
Q

Distinguish Corn Spurry and Field Horsetail

A

Corn Spurry is an annual with small white flowers whereas Field Horsetail is a perennial that bears cones. Horsetail has hollow stems and underground rhizomes as well as 6-8 branches per whorl whereas Spurry is branching from the base and has 6-30 leaves per whorl

56
Q

Perennial sow-thistle

A

Sonchus arvensis
Asteraceae
Perennial

57
Q

Spiny annual sow-thistle

A

Sonchus oleraceus
Asteraceae
Annual

58
Q

Spotted cat’s ear

A

Hypochaeris radicata
Asteraceae
Perennial

59
Q

Tansy

A

Tanacetum vulgare
Asteraceae
Perennial

60
Q

Creeping buttercup

A

Ranunculus repens
Ranunculaceae
Perennial

61
Q

Narrow-leaved plantain

A

Plantago lanceolata
Plantaginaceae
Perennial

62
Q

Broad-leaved plantain

A

Plantago major
Plantaginaceae
Perennial

63
Q

Red Clover

A

Trifolium pratense
Fabaceae
Perennial

64
Q

Scotch broom

A

Cytisus scoparius
Fabaceae
Perennial

65
Q

Dandelion

A

Taraxacum officiniale
Asteraceae
Annual

66
Q

Canada Goldenrod

A

Solidago canadensis
Asteraceae
Perennial

67
Q

Common burdock

A

Articum minus
Asteraceae
Biennial

68
Q

Bull thistle

A

Cirsium vulgare
Asteraceae
Biennial

69
Q

Yarrow

A

Achillea millefolium
Asteraceae
Perennial

70
Q

Diffuse knapweed

A

Centaurea diffusa
Asteraceae
Biennial

71
Q

Canada fleabane

A

Conyza canadensis
Asteraceae
Annual or Winter Annual

72
Q

Canada thistle

A

Cirsium arvense
Asteraceae
Perennial

73
Q

Kudzu

A

Pueraria montana var. lobata
Fabaceae
Perennial

74
Q

Flowering Rush

A

Butomus umbellatus
Butomaceae
Perennial

75
Q

Yellow Archangel

A

Lamiastrum galeobdolan
Lamiaceae
Perennial

76
Q

Yellow Starthistle

A

Centaurea solstitialis
Asteraceae
Winter Annual

77
Q

Hound’s Tongue

A

Cynoglossum officinale
Boraginaceae
Biennial

78
Q

English Ivy

A

Hedera helix
Araliaceae
Perennial

79
Q

English Holly

A

Ilex aquifolium
Aquifoliaceae
Perennial

80
Q

Tansy Ragwort

A

Senecio jacobaea
Asteraceae
Biennial to short-lived perennial

81
Q

Henbit

A

Lamium amplexicaule
Lamiaceae
Annual

82
Q

Daphne Laurel

A

Daphne laureola
Thymelaeaceae
Perennial

83
Q

White Clover

A

Trifolium repens
Fabaceae
Perennial?

84
Q

Black medick

A

Medicago lupulina
Fabaceae
Annual

85
Q

Tufted Vetch

A

Vicia cracca
Fabaceae
Perennial

Plant Science (5 decks)

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