WED FINALS Flashcards
Inflammation vs. infection
1) Inflammation- immunological defense against injury, allergy, infection, marked by increases in regional blood flow, immigrations of WBC and release of chemical toxins
2) Infection- a disease caused by microorganisms especially those that release toxins or invade body tissues
Exogenous
growing outside of the body ( infection caused my microorganisms from another
endogenous
- growing with in the body
types of infections
localized: one central area
general:
antibotic resistant:
nosocomial: hospital or facility required
can be from
: viruses, bacteria, fungi (tinea), protozoa( mesiquto- can cause malaria)
droplet precaution
don mask apon entry to patients room ( visitors), hand hygiene, private room if possible, maintain special sepreation of 3 feet from other pts vistors if private room is not available, limit transport and movement if possible, wear mask if ambulatory,
airborne precaution
Airbone precaution – ISOLATION ROOM, monitor air pressure daily, keep door closed, wear surgical mask if ambulatory, limit transport and movement of patient (only if absolutely necessary), hand hygiene, fitted mask, N-95 or higher level for respiratory, HEPA respirator is a good one too…
contact precaution
Contact- don gloves on entry, wear gloves whenever touching patient and before leaving patient room, hand hygiene, down gown upon entry into room, remove gown afterwards, limit transport, dress wounds(covered before leaving anywhere), use disposable equipment or designated equipment per pt.
Contact precaution
Contact- don gloves on entry, wear gloves whenever touching patient and before leaving patient room, hand hygiene, down gown upon entry into room, remove gown afterwards, limit transport, dress wounds(covered before leaving anywhere), use disposable equipment or designated equipment per pt.
nursing assessment all areas and what they involve
1) Biographical Data- DOB, RELIGIOUS, OCCUPATION, INSURANCE, SOURCE OF HEALTH CARE, MEDICARE, VS MEDICARE, FAMILY CONTACT
2) Reason for seeking health care- CHIEF COMPLAINT
3) Present Illness or Health concerns
4) Health History- hopstialized before, previous surgeries, allergies, use of alchol, tabocaoo, drugs, herabal products, caffeine, asses ability to perfom ADL’S, sleep, exercise, nutrition
5) Family History- purpose health, cause of death, history of illness (diabetes, cancer, etc), family structure, family support, family dynamics
6) Enviromental History- data about patients home and work enviroments
7) Psychosoical & Cultural History- pts primary language, culture group belong to, education level, attention span, developmental stage, coping skills, support system, (MAJOR VAULES, BELIEFS, & BEHAVIORS related to health concerns)
8) Review of Systems- functioning of each system, and any changes or abnormals as noted, (ex: ARE YOU HAVING DIFFICULTY BREATHING?)
Health Care Associated Infections HAI
Health care assiociated infection (HAI)- 40 million people hospital , as many as 10percent acquire health care infection, manifest 48hours after hospital or contact
virulent
Virulent- pertaining to highly pathogenic or rapidly conditions (HIGHLY CONTAGIOUS)
phases of wound healing in order
hemostasis phase
inflammation phase
reconstruction phase
maturation phase
if a patient with an abdominal inscision begins to cough the intervention would be
apply pillow to inscision site with pressure
phases of infection & what they contain
1) Infectious agent- pathogen
2) Reservoir- where pathogen can grown
3) Exit Route- exit from reservoir
4) Mode of Transportation- (feces, air droplets, needles, hands)
5) Entrance through the skin- mucus lining or mouth
6) Host- animal or person
1 phase of infection links
infectious agent- pathogen
2 phase of infection links
reservoir- where pathogen can grow
3 phase of infection links
exit route- exit from resivoir
4 phase of infection links
Mode of Transportation- feces, air droplets, needles, hands
5 phase of infection links
entrance through skin- mucus lining or mouth
6 phase of infection links
host- animal or person
inflammation
Inflammation- immunological defense against injury, allergy, infection, marked by increases in regional blood flow, immigrations of WBC and release of chemical toxins
infection
Infection- a disease caused by microorganisms especially those that release toxins or invade body tissues
PUS & FEVER
once administer, all drugs go through five stages
liberation then ADME absorption distribution metabolism excretion *each drug has its own and unique ADME characteristics
pharmacokinetics phase
the movement of the drugs active ingredients from the body fluids into the entire system and to the site where the intended action of the drug takes place
(DELIEVERY- influnces can be weight, age,metabolism rate etc.)
pharmacodynamics phase
interaction of the drug’s active ingredient with the intended body tissues; the body’s cell respond to the action of the drug and change as the drug is metabolized
idiosyncratic: I think of this as an unusual reaction to a drug (usually the opposite of what it should do)
reduced response: tolerance
Contraindications: conditions under which the drug should not be given
Interactions: modification of the effect of a drug when administered with another drug.
fire a
average
wood paper
fire b
boom
grease, oil, gasoline
fire c
current, electric fire
fire abc
all
stages of pressure ulcer 1
unblanchable
do not massage
stage 2 ulcer
damage to dermis layer epidermis
stage 3 ulcer
subcutaneous layer damage, adipose
stage 4 ulcer
tendon, ligament, muscle visible
infection control
transmission: guilty until proven other wise
suspect that you have it
standard precautions: washing hands gloving, etc.
peri care
start with inner area then go outward when cleaning
You start from the inside heading outward [clean to dirty]
pre-catheter insertion prep
clean with iodine outside working way inside (You work from the outside heading to inside [dirty to clean])
negatives of theraputic communication
personal experiences, pat answers, reassurance, chidiling(scolding)
Stress cycle
sympathetic= fight or flight= epinorphrene parasympathetic = rest and digest (norepinorphrene)
salisylates
Aspirin *GI Bleed *Tinnitus
tylenol
Non-Opioids
oral med administration
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considerations with aging
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