Weathering processes

Question 1

Carbonation

Answer 1

Rainwater combining with dissolved C02 to form a weak carbonic acid. Reacts with calcium carbonate in rocks to form calcium bicarbonate which is soluble.

Question 2

Oxidation

Answer 2

Minerals in the rocks react with oxygen. Becomes soluble under extremely acidic conditions. Iron particularly susceptible.

Question 3

Solution

Answer 3

Any processes in which a mineral dissolves in water.

Question 4

Hydrolysis

Answer 4

Chemical reaction between rock minerals and water. Produces secondary minerals such as clays.

Question 5

Hydration

Answer 5

Water molecules added to rock minerals to create larger minerals. Causes surface flaking in many rocks.

Question 6

Tree roots

Answer 6

Roots grow into cracks or joints and exert outwards pressure.

Question 7

Organic acids

Answer 7

Produced during decomposition of plant and animal litter. Soil water becomes more acidic.

Question 8

What is the link between temperature and chemical weathering?

Answer 8

A 10 degree increase in temperature causes a 2.5X faster rate of chemical weathering. This causes it to happen much more in tropical environments. Carbonation can be more effective in cold environments due to it being more soluble in cold than warm water.