WEATHERING AND MASS MOVEMENTS

Question 1

TYPES OF CHEMICAL WEATHERING

Answer 1

1. SOLUTION
2. CARBONATION
3. HYDRATION
4. OXIDATION AND REDUCTION

Question 2

WHICH MINERALS ARE NATURAL SOLUTE

Answer 2

NITRATE, POTASSIUM, SULPHATE

Question 3

HYDRATION CHEMICAL WEATHERING

Answer 3

It weak the molecular bond within the rock and finally
rock disintergrate
(minerals take up water and expand.)
EG: Calcium sulphate –>GYPSUM

Question 4

What is Carbonation?

Answer 4

Carbonation refers to reactions of carbon dioxide
to give carbonates, bicarbonates, and carbonic acid

Question 5

What is Oxidation ?

Answer 5

• Oxidation means a combination of a mineral with oxygen to form oxides or hydroxides
  EG: iron, manganese, Sulphur etc.

Question 6

MAIN ATTRIBUTES OF PHYSICAL WEATHERING

Answer 6

1. TEMPERATURE CHNAGE
2. PREASSURE CHANGE

Question 7

Exfoliation due to
unloading and expansion

Answer 7

Removal of the overlying load because of continued
erosion causes vertical pressure release with the result
that the upper layers of the rock expand and fracture
parallel to the surface (hilly areas)

Question 8

Freezing ,thawing & frost wedging

Answer 8

water inside wedges —> ice–> expand –> cycle repeats —> disintegration of rocks

Question 9

Exfoliation due to temperature changes/ Thermal stress weathering

Answer 9

subsequent expansion and contraction of rocks
caused by diurnal and seasonal variations in the
temperatures. (desert region)

Question 10

Salt weathering

Answer 10

when saline solutions seep
into cracks and joints in the rocks and evaporate,
leaving salt crystals behind. (Salt crystals expand during the crystallization)

Question 11

BIOLOGICAL WEATHERING

Answer 11

1. Barrowing of organisms like rodents
2. Activities of termites and earthworms
3. Wedging of plant roots

Question 12

effect of geomorphic agents in weathering

Answer 12

no effect

Question 13

Mass movement (mass wasting)

Answer 13

movement of masses of bodies of
1. mud, bedrock, soil, and rock debris, which commonly happen along steep-sided hills and mountains

Question 14

driving force for mass movement

Answer 14

gravitational pull

Question 15

role of weathering in mass movement

Answer 15

weathering is not essential for mass
movement though it aids mass movements.

Question 16

factors for mass movement

Answer 16

refer ppt (importent)

Question 17

SLOW MOVEMENTS

Answer 17

1. heave
2. creep
3. solifluction

Question 18

RAPID MOVEMENTS

Answer 18

• Flow – soil flow , mud flow
• Avalanche
• Landslide – debris slide, rock slide
• Rock fall

Question 19

solifluction

Answer 19

temperate areas (winter covered with snow & summer the snow melts)

Question 20

LANDSLIDE

Answer 20

catalyzed by vibrations due to
earthquakes, heavy rains, or human
interventions.